第四讲 动词.ppt

第四讲 动词Verb五大基本时态 一、动词的种类 实义动词（Notional Verb） 系动词（Link Verb） 助动词（Auxiliary Verb） 情态动词（Modal Verb 1.实义动词（Notional Verb） 99% Vt Vi 2.系动词（Link Verb） 主+系+表 3.助动词（Auxiliary Verb） 本身无词义，不可单独使用 He doesnt like English. 常用助动词 be,have,do 完成时态任务 shall,will,should,would 助动词作用 1.表示时态 He is singing。 He has got married. 2.构成疑问句 Do you like college life? 3.与否定副词not合用，构成否定句 I dont like him。 4.加强语气 Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 4.情态动词（Modal Verb） 情态动词的作用：传达人微妙的情感。 Can I use your phone,please? Could I use your phone,please? May I use your phone,please? Might I use your phone,please? 用法随时态变化 can could shall should will would may might must have to 1.must 没有时态和人称变化 a.强调主观的要求 I must give up smoking. b.仅用于现在时和将来时 You much come in time. 2.have to a.强调客观的要求或外在原因 I have to give up smoking. b.可以有任意时态 五大基本时态 1.一般现在时 2.一般过去时 3.现在完成时 4.一般将来时 5.现在进行时 1.一般现在时 A.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 I use Internet every day. 表示频率的副词： always 90% usually 70% often 50% sometimes 30% never 0 B.表示状态。 I am a student. My father has many friends. C.表达事实或真理 The sun rises in the east. 2.一般过去时 表示特定时间的动作，常与表示过去时间的状语连用。 I slept for eight hours last night. 前天 今早 今晚 今夜 昨夜 前夜 这周 上周 去年 前年 五小时前 一个月前 3.现在完成时 have/has done A.回顾过去动作对现在的影响 时间副词：yet just before recently ever never I have just arrived by train. My brother has never been abroad before. B.过去的动作延续到现在 时间段：for +持续的时间，since+时间点 so far,in the past,these years He has been married since last July. We have been in love for seven years. 4.一般将来时 预测，计划或愿意去做某事 shall/will do I/we shall 表预测 will/be going to 意图打算 be going to 意愿 will And well always be together, right? ——狮子王 5.现在进行时 I do past Now future I am doing (现在说话的时刻) 常用时间状语：now,at present,these days. Olaf!Youre melting. ——冰雪奇缘 进行时表示将来 The new year is coming. * 直截了当 礼貌客气 尊重委婉 虚礼 the day before yesterday this morning this evening tonight last nigh the night before last this we