第十讲 动词与动词词组.pptVIP

1. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? (TEM4-2013-62) A. Let me drive you home, shall I?　　 B. You will mind your own business. C. Come and have dinner with us.　　　 D. I wish you could stay behind.2. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT __________. (TEM4-2013-65) A. remain　　B. turn　 C. write　 D. knock 1.主动词和助动词 主动词main verb：又叫实义动词notional verb I got a present on Mother’s Day. She is visiting China. They have been taking music lessons. 助动词： 语法功能:协助主动词表示不同的语法意义或情态意义. 种类：基本助动词,情态助动词,半助动词. 2.助动词do通常用来协助主动词表示否定意义或构成疑问句 eg: My wife doesn’t know Russian . What did she give to Halleck for his birthday ? eg: I do think you’ll have a hard job convincing him . You do look well . b ) 情态助动词(can/could, may/might, will/would, shall/should, must, ought to, dare/dared, need, used to) c) 半助动词某些兼有主动词和助动词特征的语法结构，比如have to, seem to 之类的结构. eg: I have to buy a new car. I don’t have to buy a new car. He didn’t seem to love her. 主动词按其是否跟有补足成分以及必须跟有什么样的补足成分如宾语、补语、状语等，分为及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词 a. 及物动词之后须带宾语（Object） eg. Mark researched his topic thoroughly. b. 不及物动词后不须带宾语。 eg. The president is speaking. eg. They have lived in Atlanta since 1975. 3. 动态动词和静态动词 英语动词，按其词汇意义分，又可分为动态动词和静态动词。 动态动词表示运动状态 a. 表示持续动作的动词，如drink, eat, fly, play, rain, read, run, sit, work等。 b. 表示改变或移动的动词，如arrive, become, change, come, get, go, turn, reach, leave, grow等。 c. 表示短暂动作的动词，如hit, jump, knock, open /close (a door), put (sth on the table), shut , take out等。 静态动词表示相对静止状态 按词汇意义,分为4类 1 ) 用作主动词的be 和have (作 ‘有’ 解) eg: Jim is a teacher, but 20 years ago he was a soldier. 2 )含有静态动词be和have 意义的动词,如apply to, belong to, differ from, weigh, measure, fit, hold, lack. eg: This rule applies to (=is applicable to) everyone. 3 )表感觉的动词feel, hear, see, smell 4 )表心理或情感状态的动词, 如assume, believe, consider, detest, hope, imagine, know, like, love, mean, notice, prefer, regret. (P111-P112) 动词的时、体、态