三坐标数控插床设计(毕业设计).docVIP

毕业设计(论文) 三坐标数控插床的设计 学 院： 机械工程学院 专 业： 机械设计制造及其自动化 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 2012年6月 摘 要 在这次课题中，我们所要解决的问题是怎么样才能加工出外部结构复杂，仅仅用普通机床是无法加工一些表面复杂的零件如罗茨真空泵转子叶片，它的形状复杂只能通过对普通插床进行改造。基于这个目的，老师带我们去了工厂看了实际的普通插床，我同老师和同学们讨论了，决定对插床进行数控化改造才能满足要求，才能加工出罗茨真空泵转子叶片这类外表复杂的形状。 在这次设计中，我采用的是这样的方案：由于X、Y方向的运动不需要很大的驱动力，所以对于X、Y方向的进给运动进行数控化，采用步进电机把动力传到滚珠丝杆然后再通过丝杆螺母带动导轨运动来实现的。同样，工作台的旋转运动也不需要很大的驱动力，所以也进行数控化，采用步进电机、蜗轮蜗杆来实现回转运动。而对于主传动由于需要较大的驱动力则不能对其数控化，还是采用原来的动力传输系统。但是在导轨上下的过程中添加了光电传感器以控制其所能到达的最高位置。通过这样的改造，再通过计算机模拟工件的外部结构，再通过改造后的插床加工出我们所需要的结构，同时可以提高加工的精度和效率。 关键词：数控化改造，插床，数控  Abstract In this issue, we have to settle the question of how to w ork out the external and complex structure such as luo watts r otor blades of vacuum pump ,If only use common machine too l that cant achieve work, Only through the numerical control machine tool to complete the processing. In this article I brief ly introduced the advantages and disadvantages of numerical control machine tool now and development characteristics. In this design, I use is such a scheme: Because of the X, Y direction sports dont need a large driving force, so for the X, Y direction to the movement into numerical control transform ation, the step motor power to the ball screw and then throu gh the screw nut drive guide will realize the movement. Also, the stage of the rotary motion also dont need a large driving force, so are to numerical control, the step motor, worm and worm wheel to realize the rotary motion. But Because of main transmission need a large driving force,so which is unable to its numerical control, it must use original power transmission structure. But I added the photoelectric sensor to control the highest position in the process of guide rail. Through such transformation can be through the computer simulation of the external structure, again through that the transformation of th e slotting machines process out what we need , and can impro ve the accuracy and effic