纳米技术与采后果蔬保鲜.docVIP

纳米技术在采后果蔬保鲜中的研究进展 摘 要: 果蔬为人类提供多种营养素，如维生素、矿物质和生物活性物质等，但新鲜果蔬采后易腐烂变质，造成了很大的经济损失。采后贮藏技术如纳米技术可以有效地延缓采后水果的品质变化，就纳米技术在采后果蔬保鲜中的研究进展进行了综述。概述了纳米微粒在常态下能表现出普通物质不具有的特性, 以及纳米技术与纳米材料在食品保鲜中的应用, 重点介绍了常见纳米包装材料、纳米复合涂抹技术在果蔬贮藏保鲜中的应用, 并概述了纳米包装材料、纳米涂膜保鲜剂在采后果蔬保鲜中的开发与应用，纳米技术在果蔬中大分子物质纳米表征中的应用，以及纳米技术在采后果蔬致病菌检测方面的应用，并讨论了其安全性与应用前景。由此可见，纳米技术在采后果蔬保鲜领域中具有广阔的发展前景。 关键词: 纳米技术 食品 采后 果蔬贮藏 前景 Application of nanotechnology in post-harvest fruits and vegetables Abstract: Fruits and vegetables provide a variety of nutrients for human beings including vitamins, minerals and bioactive products, but post-harvest fresh fruits and vegetables are perishable, easy to lose great economic value. Post-harvest technology such as nanotechnology has been proved to delay the deterioration of fruits effectively. In this paper, application of nanotechnology in the post-harvest fruits and vegetables are reviewed. This paper introduces the nano-packaging materials, nano-coating agents in preservation of post-harvest fruits and vegetables, the development and application of nanotechnology in macromolecular characterization and pathogen detection for fruits and vegetables. The unique characteristics of nano-particles in the normal situation are quite distinct from the general material, which make the nano-materials and nanotechnology great potential with much attention and widely use in food industry. The article narrates the usage of nanotechnology and nano-materials in the process of the food fresh keeping. It also emphatically introduces some common nanometer compounded spread technology in the vegetable and fruit fresh keeping. The safety and the future of nanotechnology are also discussed in this paper. Nanotechnology is very promising to be applied broadly in post-harvest preservation of fruits and vegetables. Key words: nanotechnology; food; fruit and vegetable preservation; post-harvest 目前, 较为先进的贮藏保鲜技术主要有冷藏保鲜、临界低温保鲜、防腐保鲜剂保鲜、臭氧气调保鲜、气调保鲜等。其中气调保鲜因为使用高纯度的惰性气体, 成本非常高[1]。 低温贮藏成本高、能耗大、质量不稳定, 而且像茄子等原产热带、亚热带的果蔬不能在低