定语从句-关系词特殊用法.pptVIP

定语从句 关系词的特殊情况和用法 ? 关系代词that代替which的一些情况 ? which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。 但在有些情况下，只用 that。 ⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 例如： ① This is the best that has been used against pollution. ② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. ⑵ 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 例如： ① This is the last place (that) I want to visit. ② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen. ⑶ 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。 例如： ① You should hand in all that you have. ② We haven’t got much that we can offer you. ⑷ 先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。 例如： ① The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. ② The little money (that) he had was stolen. 宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况 ⑴ 先行词是one, ones, anyone时。 例如： ① One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. ② Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it. ⑵先行词是those时。 例如： ① Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth. 用whom, 不用who的情况 在从句中作介词宾语的关系代词，且关系代词直接跟在介词后面时，只用whom,不用who. I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park. We shouldn’t spend money testing those people, most of whom are healthy. ? 介词前提的问题 关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。 例如： Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now? （which作介词with的宾语） →Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now? 但是，要注意的是： ⑴ 介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。 ⑵ 介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。 ⑶ 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。例如： ①错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to? 正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking ? 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to? ②错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care. 正确：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of. 11. We heard the news which our team won the game. 改成that ? 12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable. why ? 13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets wri