《原子分子光谱与结构理论-钟志萍》atom-2-figure.pptxVIP

Zeeman Effect Induced by Light Waves Ordinarily, the Zeeman effect—the splitting of atomic energy levels in a magnetic field—is assumed to be unobservable as an effect of electromagnetic waves /synopsis-for/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.083002 a light wave interacting with an atom containing a single electron making transitions from an excited state to the ground state Using both analytical techniques and simulations, there is a dramatic magnetic effect on the spectrum, especially with a light source with intensity of more than 1020 watts per square centimeter. /cws/article/news/2013/oct/28/ultracold-atoms-set-the-stage-for-hofstadters-butterfly 1.In a sufficiently strong magnetic field, charged particles in a periodic potential (such as a crystal lattice) display novel physics 2.mimicking the effect of a magnetic field on electrons---  quantum simulation 3. placed rubidium atoms in an optical lattice and used external lasers to coax the atoms into circular motion, analogous to the motion of electrons in a magnetic field.  llustration of an optical lattice containing ultracold atoms. Lasers are used to kick the atoms in directions that depend upon their motion, causing them to move in circles. This mimics the effect of an applied magnetic field (upward pointing arrows). (Courtesy: MPQ, Immanuel Bloch) synthetic magnetic field  To simulate the effect of a magnetic field, the team used a pair of criss-crossed laser beams that kicked the atoms as they move across the lattice, making them tunnel from one lattice site to another. An equivalent picture is that the two-photon process gives the atoms an impulse in the y direction when they jump from a row of A sites to B sites. Interpreting this impulse in terms of a Lorentz force gives the effective magnetic field. The direction of the field alternates because the direction one hops to get from A to B alternates. If the atoms move from left to right, they get a kick in one directi