法律选择协议效力的法律适用辩释.docxVIP

法律选择协议效力的法律适用辩释沈 涓内容提要：意思自治原则下当事人选择法律的合意是否有效直接关系到意思自治的实现，但现有研究较少涉及这一问题。目前国际私法学界存在当事人选法协议效力适用当事人所选之法和适用法院地法两种主张的分歧，本文从选法协议的概念和性质、确定选法协议效力法律适用的合理性和可行性等方面进行了较深入探讨，指出适用当事人所选之法确定选法协议效力的主张和规定的诸多弱点，特别是存在合同之外领域无法采行的重大缺陷，论证了适用法院地法确定选法协议效力才是更合理更可行的方法。关键词：法律选择协议 法律适用 意思自治原则 当事人选择的法律 法院地法Abstract:The validity of the agreement of choosing laws by parties influences the realization of autonomy directly. However, existing studies are less involved in this problem. At present, there are two differences on the validity of the agreement of choosing laws by parties in the field of private international law, the application to the law choosing by the parties or the application to the law of the court. This research clarified the concept and properties of the agreement of choosing laws, and made a thorough discussion on the reasonability and feasibility of the application of law that confirming the validity of the agreement of choosing laws. In this research, it has been pointed out that there is a plenty of weaknesses in the application to the law choosing by the parties to confirm the validity of the agreement of choosing law, especially the major defects of inapplicable in the area other than contract. In the conclusion, this research proved the application to the law of the court to confirm the validity of the agreement of choosing laws was a more reasonable and feasible method.Key words: agreement of choosing laws, application to the law, autonomy, choosing laws by parties, law of the court导 言意思自治原则是国际私法中确定法律适用的一项重要原则，已为几乎所有国家国际私法的理论、立法和司法接受和采行，其核心是冲突规则赋予当事人合意选择适用于他们之间法律关系的准据法的权利。这项原则的实现基于两个前提条件，即当事人选择法律的意思表示和意思表示的有效。这两个前提既关及意思自治原则的实现，也关及当事人所选择的法律的有效适用，进而关及当事人利益期望的实现。对于意思自治原则的适用，国内外的研究多在当事人选择法律的方式、时间、范围等方面，少有以当事人选择法律的意思表示的效力的法律适用为研究对象的成果。有关法律选择合意效力的法律适用的讨论，应以这一问题所涉概念和性质为始，当事人选择法律的合意究竟应称为或视为法律选择条款、法律选择协议还是法律选择合同，影响着对这一问题的认识和结论。当然，讨论的重点无疑是法律选择合意效力的法律适用问题。在各国国际私法中，对法律选择合意的效力应适用何法存在多种主张：当事人选择的法律、法院地法、当事人没有选择法律时应适用的法律、当事人法律选择合意达成地法、法官裁量适用的法律、依最密切联系原则所确定的法律等，以前两个主张居多，其中，立法上和理论上主张适用