Metal carbonates as anode materials for lithium ion batteries》.pdfVIP

Journal of Alloys and Compounds 581 (2013) 602–609 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Alloys and Compounds journal homepag e: www.elsevier.c om/locate/jalcom Metal carbonates as anode materials for lithium ion batteries Lianyi Shao, Rui Ma, Kaiqiang Wu, Miao Shui, Mengmeng Lao, Dongjie Wang, Nengbing Long, Yuanlong Ren, Jie Shu ⇑ Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Six metal carbonates (Li CO , Na CO , SrCO , BaCO , K CO , CoCO ) are tested and compared as anode 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 Received 24 April 2013 materials for lithium ion batteries. The electrochemical results show that only CoCO3 is electrochemically Received in revised form 24 July 2013 active material and can deliver a high initial capacity of 1425.9 mAh g1. The lithium storage mechanism Accepted 24 July 2013 in CoCO3 is studied by ex situ X-ray diffraction technique, ex situ infrared method, ex situ X-ray photoelec- Available online 1 August 2013 tron spectroscopy and in situ X-ray diffraction technique. It is found that the electrochemical reactions between CoCO and Li firstly result in the formation of metal Co and Li CO , and then partial Li CO is 3