我国社区养老服务设施的建设问题分析与国际经验借鉴.pdfVIP

December2024/Volume25

我国社区养老服务设施的建设问题分析与国际经验借鉴

AnalysisoftheConstructionofCommunityElderlyCareServiceFacilitiesin

ChinaandReferencefromInternationalExperience

文/丁剑秋郑远伟*

OByDINGJianqiuZHENGYuanwei

华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院，武汉，430074

摘要：当前我国社区养老服务设施存在服务供需失衡、空间配置不当、运营难以为继等问题，严重影响了其实际效用。该文从社

区养老服务设施的规划建设流程出发，通过分析不同建设阶段可能遇到的矛盾，挖掘造成现状问题的原因，然后结合国际

经验提出相应的改进建议。研究发现，前期策划阶段建设内容不明确，方案设计阶段相关标准不完善，服务导入阶段建筑

硬件与运营服务不兼容，都是造成现状问题的原因。国际上可参照的经验包括：建立以老年人需求为导向的社区养老服务

设施体系；采用强制性法规和推荐性指南相结合的标准架构；在规划建设阶段充分考虑运营服务需求。

关键词：社区养老服务设施；日间照料中心；前期策划；建设标准；运营服务

Abstract:ThereareissueswiththeconstructionofcommunityelderlycarefacilitiesinChina,suchastheimbalanceofservice

supplyanddemand,improperspatialconfiguration,andunsustainableoperation,whichseriouslyaffecttheir

practicaleffectiveness.Thisarticlestartsfromtheplanningandconstructionprocessofcommunityelderlycare

facilities,analyzesthecontradictionsthatmaybeencounteredindifferentconstructionstages,exploresthereasons

forthecurrentsituation,andthencombinesinternationalexperiencetoproposecorrespondingimprovement

suggestions.Thestudyfindsthattheconstructioncontentisnotclearinthepreliminaryplanningstage,the

relevantstandardsarenotperfectintheschematicdesignstage,andthebuildinghardwareisnotcompatible

withtheoperationalservicesintheserviceintroductionstage,allofwhicharereasonsforthecurrentsituation.

Internationally,referenceexperiencesinclude:constructingacommunityelderlycarefacilitysystemorientedby

theneedsoftheelderly;adoptingastandardstructurethatcombinesmandatoryregulationsandrecommended

guidelines;fullyconsideringoperationalserviceneedsintheplanningandconstructionstage.