地史学教学课件-地史学4.ppt.pptxVIP

Chapter2Sedimentarypaleogeography-3

2.1conceptsandlaw

2.2sedimentary-faciesindicator

2.3sedimentaryenvironments

2.2Sed.faciesindicators

2.2.1biologicindicates

2.2.2physicindicators

2.2.3chemicindicators

2.2.4integratedindicators

lithology

structuresonbeddingsurface

beddingstructures

soft-sediment

deformations

2.2.2physicindicators

Physicsed.structures

Color:originatedandweathered

Composition:terrigenous,intra-basinal,

volcanicandmixing

Texture：grainsize,sorting,roundness,

sphericity,

micromorphology,matrix

Lithology

Color:originatedweathered

Originated:

Inherited：dependentoncolorofclastics.e.g.quartzsandstone-whiteorgraywhite;feldsparsandstone-reddish.

Autogenous:originatedfrommineralsandpigments

whichareformedinthecourseofsyndeposition

anddiagenisis.e.g.glauconiticsandstone-green

Originatedcolorpossessesstableandwide

distributioninspace,andparallelstooriginalbboundaries.

Color:weathered

weathered:

Weathered:originatedfrommineralsand

pigmentswhichareformedinthecourseof

weathering.Whenbivalentironsareoxygenatetotrivalentirons(Fe2+→Fe3+)intherocks,tgreenwillchangeintotheredorbrownintherock.

weatheredcoloroftencrosscutsstratificatidistributesalongjoints,crannyandfaultbe

andshowsspots,massiveorunstable

distributioninspace.

Originalcolor:

green

Volcanic

ashes

hydrolyze

intochlorite火山灰水解成绿泥石

Tuffaceoustempestite，D1，北塔山，新疆

“three-good”Conglomerate（周口店，

C2）

Goodsorting,roundnessandcementation

Balticbeach，Bornholm,Danmak

Ooliticlimestone（滇西,Permian）

Bedding-planestructures

Ripplemarks（formedbycurrent,waveandwind）

Erosionalstructures:flute,toolmar

Exposedstructures:mud-crack,

raindropimpressions(rainpits),salt-pseudocrystal,footprints

Ripplemarks

Ripplemarksrhomboidal

Ripplemarks

Asymmetricripp

北戴河潮坪

parasiticripp北戴河潮坪

Mudcrac