对外经济贸易大学《C++程序设计》课件-lecture6Linked Lists.pptVIP

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对外经济贸易大学《C++程序设计》课件-lecture6Linked Lists.ppt

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CS 1031Linked ListsDefinition of Linked ListsExamples of Linked ListsOperations on Linked ListsLinked List as a ClassLinked Lists as Implementations of Stacks, Sets, etc.对外经济贸易大学《C++程序设计》 CS 1032Definition of Linked ListsA linked list is a sequence of items (objects) where every item is linked to the next.Graphically:datadatadatadatahead_ptrtail_ptr CS 1033Definition DetailsEach item has a data part (one or more data members), and a link that points to the next itemOne natural way to implement the link is as a pointer; that is, the link is the address of the next item in the listIt makes good sense to view each item as an object, that is, as an instance of a class.We call that class: NodeThe last item does not point to anything. We set its link member to NULL. This is denoted graphically by a self-loop CS 1034Examples of Linked Lists(A Waiting Line)A waiting line of customers: John, Mary, Dan, Sue (from the head to the tail of the line)A linked list of strings can represent this line:JohnMaryDanSuehead_ptrtail_ptr CS 1035Examples of Linked Lists(A Stack of Numbers)A stack of numbers (from top to bottom): 10, 8, 6, 8, 2A linked list of ints can represent this stack:10862head_ptrtail_ptr8 CS 1036Examples of Linked Lists(A Set of Non-redundant Elements)A set of characters: a, b, d, f, cA linked list of chars can represent this set:abdchead_ptrtail_ptrf CS 1037Examples of Linked Lists(A Sorted Set of Non-redundant Elements)A set of characters: a, b, d, f, cThe elements must be arranged in sorted order: a, b, c, d, fA linked list of chars can represent this set:abcfhead_ptrtail_ptrd CS 1038Examples of Linked Lists(A Polynomial)A polynomial of degree n is the function Pn(x)=a0+a1x+a2x2+…+anxn. The ai’s are called the coefficients of the polynomialThe polynomial can be represented by a linked list (2 data members and a link per item):a0,0a1,1a2,2an,nhead_ptrtail_ptr CS 1039Operations on Linked ListsInsert a new itemAt the head of the list, orAt the tail of the list, o