《肝胆疾病超声诊断》PPT课件.pptVIP

肝 胆 超 声1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Mirror-image atifact9. Because the sound travels more slowly in fluid than in the liver parenchyma, a large cyst can delay the passage of sound, causing the diaphragm to appear farther away than it is.10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. CT: a low-density lesion19. drainage of Hepatic abscess 20. Transabdominal and transcervical chorionic villus sampling (CVS),21. 22. The catheter is followed sonographically throughout its course from the cervix to an appropriate position within the placenta 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. RAI RPIRPSRAS29. 30. 31. 32. 223433. RHVThe normal mean velocity in the main portal vein is about 15 to 18 cm per second, but the normal range is wide. The normal portal vein flow is antegrade( hepatopetal) throughout the entire cardiac cycle. 34. 35. fissure for the ligamentum venosum (arrows)36. sagittal views: The fissure for the ligamentum venosumseparates the caudate lobe (C) from the lateral segment of the left lobe (LL). 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. .(1) a large antegrade systolic wave caused by the movement of the tricuspid annulus toward the cardiac apex; (2) a small retrograde V-wave caused by right atrial overfilling; the V-wave is usually below the baseline but may be above the baseline; (3) an antegrade diastolic wave caused by the opening of the tricuspid valve and flow of the blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle; (4) a retrograde A-wave caused by right atrial contraction; and (5) a retrograde C-wave caused by the closure of the tricuspid valve at the beginning of systole, which may be seen in a few patients43. 1.??????? The normal hepatic vein waveform consists of waves in the following sequence: (1) a large antegrade systolic wave caused by the movement of the tricuspid annulus toward the cardiac apex; (2) a small retrogradeV-wave caused by right atrial overfilling; the V-wave is usually below the baseline but may be above the baseline; (3) an antegrade diastolic wave caused by the ope