纽曼社会研究方法英文版PPTChapter13-FieldResearchandFocusGroupResearch-7e.pptVIP

Copyright ?2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright ?2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 13: Field Research and Focus Group Research Seventh EditionSocial Research Methods:Qualitative and Quantitative Approachesby W. Lawrence Neuman This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; Any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Types of Research Questions People in location or setting Complex interactions in a fix setting Amorphous social experiences History of Field Research 1200s – European explorers Late 1800s – Anthropology Malinoski (1844-1942) Chicago School 1910s-1930s – life history approach 1940s-1960s – participant observation Ethnography Thick description Ethnomethodology Breaching experiments Logic of Field Research Naturalism Steps in Field Research Prepare to enter the field Choose site/gain access Apply strategies Maintaining Relations in the Field Gather and Record Data Exit field site 1) Prepare to Enter the Field Be flexible Defocus Be self-aware 2) Choosing a Site and Gaining Access Select a site Richness of data Unfamiliarity Suitability Gatekeepers Enter and gain access Planning Access ladder Negotiation Disclosure Assume a social role Presentation of self Research as instrument Attitude of Strangeness Level of involvement Complete observer Researcher participant Observer as participant Participant as observer Complete participant Going Native 2) Choosing a Site and Gaining Access 2) Choosing a Site and Gaining Access Building rapport Charm and trust Freeze out Understanding 3) Apply Strategies Negotiate Normalize research Decide on disclosure Focus and sample Assume the attitude of strangeness Notice social breakdowns Cope with stress Go nativ