高考英语考点37现在完成时.pdfVIP

考点三十七 现在完成时 现在完成时 : has/have + done 1．表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与 yet, just, before, recently, lately, ever, never 等表时间的副词搭配使用。 He hasn ’t seen her lately. I haven ’t finished the book yet. 2．表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间 的时间状语连用。如： so far( 迄今为止 ) ，up to now( 直到现在 ) ，since, for+ 一段时间， up to present(直到现在 ) ，in the past / in the last few years( 在过去的几年里 ) ，these days(目前) He has worked here for 15 years. I have studied English since I came here. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time. So far, I haven ’t received a single letter from my brother. 3．某些非延续性动词 ( 即：动作开始便终止的动词 ) ，在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间 的状语搭配。 (1) 常见的非延续动词： die, arrive, join, leave, go, refuse, fail, finish, buy, marry, divorce, awake, buy, borrow, lend … (2) 这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由 for 引导的时间状语。 (3)但若是用在否定句中，非延续性动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 She has gone away for a month.(误) She has been away for a month.(正 ) The man has died for two years.( 误 ) The man has been dead for two years.(正 ) How long have you bought the book? ( 误 ) How long have you got the book. ( 正 ) 4．注意 since 的用法 They haven ’t had any trouble since they came here. It has been ten years since we met last time. He has been here since 1980. He has been here since ten years ago. 5．几组对比： He has gone to Shanghai. He has been to Shanghai. He has gone. 她已走了。 He is gone. 她缺席了。 (或者她死了。 ) The door has been closed. (门关上了，强调动作 ) The door is closed. ( 门是关着的，强调状态 ) 1. Why do you look so worried? My computer broke down and my essay (leave) unfinished since. 2. In my childhood, my grandma used to say “helpingothers means helping yourself ”which, ______________(have) a deep effect on me all my life. 3. The tourism of