高中英语必修一Unit-4-earthquakes-知识点.docxVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT1 ?Unit 4?Earthquakes 1. right away =at once; in no time; immediately?right now : at this very moment 2. rise vi. 升起, 起身, 增长, 上升,?rose-risen raise vt. 升起, 唤起, 提高, 使出现, 饲养, 筹集, 使复活 raised-raised arise vi.? 出现, 发生, 起因于?arose--a risen 4. burst : 爆发 burst into?+ n. 突然……起来 burst out + doing 突然……起来 burst into tears/ laughter?burst out crying / laughing 5. ?be at an end 结束，终结 at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态; in the end 意思“最后、终于”。 6. cut across 横穿，跨越?cut in?v.插嘴, 插入, cut off?v.切断, 断绝, 剥夺 继承权?cut down. v.砍倒, 胜过, 削减, 删节 cut up?v.切碎, 抨击, 歼灭, 使丧气?cut out?v.切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止 7. lay in ruins?lie—lied —lied —lying 说谎 lie—lay —lain —lying? 躺, 平放, 展现(开),位于 lay—laid—laid —laying vt. 放置, 铺设, 布置 vi.下蛋, 打赌 ruin /destroy /damage/ injure damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。N.V 用作名词时常与to something 连用。 destroy 只能用作v.,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也 可以指希望、计划等打破。 ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作 “使毁灭”、 “使崩溃”,“弄糟”解;用作名词时,它表示 “毁灭”, “瓦解”,“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法 8. injure: 身体上, 肉体上，损害健康，成就，容貌的伤害 hurt :?使身体部位,精神上，感情受到伤害,造成损失 wound: 刀,子弹,名声等的伤害，战场上受伤 harm: 肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物（尤指不道德的事情） 9. be shocked at/by 对……感到吃惊 be shocked to do sth 因做某事而吃惊 ?be trapped in 困在……中，陷在……中 10. wonder : v.?in wonder wonder to do sth. / w- to do sth. /at / about?n.奇迹, 惊奇, 惊愕 It is no wonder (that)= No wonder (that) 难怪… 11. All hope was not lost. all…not …= not all…, some…but not all（表示部分否定） all, both, each, every + not All of their answers were not right. = not all of their answers are right. 12. dig out 挖掘 13. bury?vt?bury oneself in= be buried in? 专心致志于某事 14．congratulation?n.祝词, 贺辞 常用 复数?+ on?congratulate sb. on sth. 15. Judging from/ by = to judge by?由……判断之 Generally speaking? 总的来说 Strictly speaking? 严格来说 Frankly speaking 坦白的说 16. honor?n.尊敬, 敬意, 荣誉, 光荣?vt.尊敬, 给以荣誉 in honor of sb./sth.?in? one’s honour?为了纪念/尊敬…… 17．Prepare sth / to do sth./ sb to do sth. / for 准备, 预备, be/get prepared for 为……做准备 ?i