汽车防碰撞报警系统研究.docVIP

河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业论文 PAGE I 摘 要 随着汽车工业的不断进步,行驶在道路的车辆越来越多,而现代生活节奏的加快，交通事故发生的频率也不断增加。为提高汽车运行的安全性和降低碰撞发生的可能,本文讲述一种主动型汽车防碰撞报警系统。该系统装置将单片机的实时控制及数据处理功能，与毫米波雷达的测距技术、传感器技术相结合，可检测汽车运行中前方、后方障碍物与汽车的距离及汽车车速，通过数显装置显示距离，并由发声电路根据距离远近情况发出警告声。 关键词：单片机，毫米波，防撞雷达，霍尔集成传感器，报警器 Abstract With the continuous progress of the automotive industry, vehicles traveling on the road more and more, and the modern pace of life speeds up, the frequency of traffic accidents also continue to increase. In order to enhance the safety of cars and reduce the possibility of a collision, the paper about a pro-active anti-vehicle collision warning system. The system will be installed real-time control of the microcontroller and data processing functions, and millimeter-wave radar ranging technology, sensor technology, could be detected in the vehicle running in front, the rear vehicle barriers and the distance and vehicle speed, through the significant number of Device shows that distance by distance voice circuits based on the situation issued a warning sound. Key words: microcontroller; Millimeter wave; Anti-collision radar; integrated Hall unit; alarm PAGE i 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360572 前 言 PAGEREF _Toc201360572 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360573 1 汽车安全系统 PAGEREF _Toc201360573 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360574 1.1 汽车安全系统简介 PAGEREF _Toc201360574 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360575 1.1.1 被动安全 PAGEREF _Toc201360575 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360576 1.1.2 主动安全 PAGEREF _Toc201360576 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360577 1.2 汽车安全系统的发展 PAGEREF _Toc201360577 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360578 2 汽车防碰撞报警系统 PAGEREF _Toc201360578 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360579 2.1 系统设计思想及简介 PAGEREF _Toc201360579 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360580 2.1.1 系统的关键技术：测距 PAGEREF _Toc201360580 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360581 2.2系统原理及硬件组成 PAGEREF _Toc201360581 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360582 2.2.2 AT89C2051 单片机的性能及特点 PAGEREF _Toc201360582 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l _Toc201360583 2.2.3 霍尔集成器件测速原理 PAGEREF _Toc201360583 \h 23