海洋钻井平台事故两则——Macondo和BP墨西哥湾.docx

National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore DrillingMacondo: The Gulf Oil DisasterTopic Editor:?Cutler J. ClevelandSource:?National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore DrillingTopics:National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore DrillingEditors Note: This article is excerpted directly from?National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling, Macondo: The Gulf Oil Disaster, Chief Counsels Report, February 17, 2011. It has been edited only to conform to the Encyclopedias style guidelines.ForewordThe Deepwater Horizon. Credit: Oil Spill CommissionWhen President Obama created the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling he instructed the Commission to examine the relevant facts and circumstances concerning the root causes of the?Deepwater Horizon oil disaster. This Chief Counsels Report is the result of an extraordinary effort to carry out that mission. It is essential reading for anyone looking to extract the lessons of Macondo and avoid a repeat of that terrible tragedy.Notwithstanding demanding time constraints, the Commissions Chief Counsel Fred Bartlit and his investigative team have provided the most comprehensive, coherent, and detailed account of the events leading up to the blowout and explosion. The wealth of material presented here offers new details and documentation in support of the Commissions final report,?Deep Water: The Gulf Oil Disaster and the Future of Offshore Drilling, released on January 11, 2011.What the investigation makes clear, above all else, is that management failures, not mechanical failings, were the ultimate source of the disaster. In clear, precise, and unflinching detail, this Report lays out the confusion, lack of communication, disorganization, and inattention to crucial safety issues and test results that led to the deaths of 11 men and the largest offshore oil spill in our nations history