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CHAPTER Ⅳ Science Britain has played an important part in science. Bacon revolutionized scientific thought. Royal College of Physicians of London. Royal Society in London. Isaac Newton Steam engine and steam locomotive John Dalton and his atomic theory Edward Jenner and the vaccine Humphy Davy and Davy Lamps Michael Faraday and electromagnetic induction Charles Robert Darwin and the theory of evolution. Thomson’s and the discovery of the electron. Francis Crick and the molecular structure of the genetic substance. Sir Francis Bacon Widely considered the most influential and versatile English writer of the 17th century, Sir Francis Bacon addressed a broad range of topics in his works, including ethics, philosophy, science, law, and history. He also enjoyed a long political career. Robert Boyle Considered a founder of the scientific method, 17th-century English scientist Robert Boyle believed in the importance of objective observation and controlled experimentation. He separated chemistry from alchemy and was the first to isolate and study a gas. He also discovered a law of physics, now called Boyle’s law, that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas. Newton Isaac Newton’s work represents one of the greatest contributions to science ever made by an individual. Most notably, Newton derived the law of universal gravitation, invented the branch of mathematics called calculus, and performed experiments investigating the nature of light and color. John Dalton British physicist and chemist John Dalton is best known for developing the atomic theory of elements and molecules, the foundation of modern physical science. While pondering the nature of the atmosphere during a meteorological study in the early 1800s, Dalton deduced the structure of carbon dioxide and proposed that an exact number of atoms constitute each molecule. He held that all atoms of a given element are identical and different from the atoms of every other element. Smallpox