收入不平等公共教育支出与经济增长.PDF

Forum on Development Economics No.1, 2015 25 ◆徐俊武易祥瑞① Jun-wu Xu Xiang-rui Yi 收入不平等、公共教育支出与经济增长 ——来自中国的省级面板数据分析 Income Inequality, Public Expenditure on Education and Economic Growth: An Analysis of Provincial Panel Data from China 摘要：作为一个中等收入国家，中国要跨域“中等收入陷阱”必须要厘清收入不平等与经济增长的关 系，它们之间的关系也一直是学界研究的热点。文章采用1998-2012年我国31个省级单位面板数据， 运用联立方程三阶段最小二乘法对收入不平等与经济增长关系的传导机制进行了分析，发现：（1）公共 教育支出是收入不平等对经济增长产生影响的真实传导机制；（2）收入不平等程度与公共教育支出规模 存在显著正相关关系，而公共教育支出规模与当期经济增长率有显著负相关关系；（3）公共教育支出对 长期的经济增长有显著地正效应，增加现阶段的公共教育支出会促进未来的经济增长速度。其暗含的政 策意义是，合理运用公共教育支出政策以促进收入分配公平将会是我国实现未来经济可持续增长的重要 途径。 关键词：收入不平等；公共教育支出；经济增长 中图分类号：F061.2 文献标识码：A Abstract ：As a middle-income country, China must stride across middle income trap. Therefore, we have to clarify the relationship between income inequality and economic growth. This relationship has been also a hot in academic research. The article analyzed a mechanism between income inequality and economic growth based on 31 provincial panel data from 1998 to 2012 by 3LSL method. The paper found that: (1) public expenditure on education is the real conduction mechanism of the influence of income inequality on economic growth; (2) ①作者简介：徐俊武，湖北大学商学院副教授，邮政编码：430062 ，邮箱：xjwjenius@126.com; 易祥瑞，中央 财经大学财政学院。 基金项目：国家社会科学基金项目“公共教育支出影响居民代际收入流动的机制及实证研究”（13CJY018）， ·1 · 25《发展经济学论坛》2015 年第 1 期 there was a significant positive correlation between the degree of income inequality and public expenditure on education, and they have a significant negative correlation in short run; (3) the public expenditure on education has a positive and significant effect on economic growth in long run. These results implied that promoting fair income distribution will become the main direction if China aims for sustainable economic growt