英语学习Sentence.pptVIP

Sentence Structure Sentence Structure When sentence structure is described, we usually focus on the structure of simple sentences, i.e. the independent clauses. 1. Clause elements The construction of the simple sentence or clause organized by a group of phrases goes as follows: subject + predicate 1.1 Compound subjects and Predicates Compound subject, e.g., The boys and the girls are planning a dance. Fruit flies and ladybugs are insects. 1.1.1 Double Predicates Double Predicates: those transformed through complicated deep structures, e.g., He left home a mere child and returned quite a different man. = He was a mere child when he left home, and he became quite a different man when he returned. A bird fell dead to the ground. The doctor sat reading a newspaper in the shade. The difference between compound predicate and double predicate. 1.1.2 Two ways of clause analysis: Subject+ Predicate Verb + (complementation): A verb-centered analysis 1.1.2 Two ways of clause analysis: Subject+ Predicate 2.1.1 Basic clause types The combination of clause elements (phrases) are wholly or largely determined by the main verb in the clause, thus we have: 2.1.2 Major clause elements: a clearer picture Subject: The book is mine. (SVC) Predicate verb: The book is mine. Subject complement/predicative: The book is mine. Object: John has read the book. (SVO) Direct Object: John gave her a book. (SVoO) Indirect object: John gave her a book. Object complement/predicative: We elected him our president. (SVOC) Adverbial: I live in Nanjing. (SVA) He treated her vilely. (SVOA) Discussion: identify the following sentence pattern They’re out of breath. They’re out of town. She is young and in good health. Randolph is paying for the meal. It turned out a huge success. We are putting up at a motel. They looked on me as their role model. Slowly is exactly how he speaks. Out on the lake will be splendid. Because Sally wants to leave doesn’t mean that we have to. 2.