英语中的明喻.pptVIP

1. 明 喻 SIMILE 关于英语Simile，有两点须加以说明： 一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分构成，即本体(tenor或subject)、喻体(vehicle或reference)和比喻词(comparative word) 或(indicator of resemblance)。可图示如下： Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: ↓ ↓ ↓ (tenor) (comparative word) (vehicle) those who are without want to get in, and those within want to get out. ( P. M. Quitard) 引导明喻的比喻词(comparative words) ( 1 ) 介词as，like，of等。 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。 They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。 His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。 英语里有不少含有明喻的成语，其结构为as+形容词+as+名词。例如： as firm as a rock as light as a feather as close as an oyster as mute as a fish as strong as a horse as cool as a cucumber as sober as a judge as sure as a gun 坚如磐石 轻如鸿毛 守口如瓶 噤若寒蝉 强壮如牛 泰然自若 十分清醒 千真万确 He works 1ike a horse／beaver／Trojan／black. 他拼命地干活。 They spent money like water. 他们挥金如土。 He talks like a book. 他老是文绉绉地说话。 He eats like a horse. 他吃得很多。 He smokes 1ike a chimney. 他抽烟很厉害。 Life is like a yo-yo. 生活是一个悠悠球,充满一连串的起伏不定。 He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him to crow. ( George Eliot ) 他这人就像一只________公鸡，以为太阳升起是为了它的啼叫。 He has a heart of stone. 他有一副铁石心肠。 He has the heart of a 1ion, but he does everything in a down-to-earth way. 他有狮子般的勇气，但办事十分认真。 He is sometimes bad-tempered but really he’s got a heart of gold. 有时候他似乎脾气不好，但他的心眼可好了。 ( 2 ) 连词as (犹如)，what (犹如)，as if, as though, than, and, the way 等。 Air is to man as water is to fish. 人离不开空气，犹如鱼离不开水。 Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. （Sir Richard Steel ） 读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样重要。 A word and a stone let go cannot be recalled. 说出的话犹如抛出的石，是收不回的。 ( 3 ) 动词seem，resemble (名词resemblance)，treat／honour／regard／consider／respect as，compare to，liken to，pass(胜过)，remind of，be similar to，等。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage．( Wood ) 他把孩子当成掌上明珠。 He treats his child as the apple in the eye. ( 4 ) 词组may／might as