预防医学教学（中山大学）氟化物 2017.3 XS.pptxVIP

Fluoride and Dental HealthF杨军英 BDS MDS 中山大学附属第一医院What We Can Do? Heres what we should do! F 应用氟化物防龋 二十世纪预防口腔医学对人类 最伟大的贡献之一二十世纪百年口腔医学研究十大成果氟化物的使用龋齿预防牙菌斑的作用黏接剂系统牙周病的预防复合树脂局部麻醉剂抗生素种植体组织再生2007世卫组织世界卫生大会上通过了一项决议:普遍获得氟化物防龋是人类健康的基本权利的一部分（彼得森，2008）。At the 2007 WHO World Health Assembly, a resolution was passed that universal access to fluoride for caries prevention was to be part of the basic right to human health (Petersen, 2008). 氟化物概述氟 (Fluorine) （9，19） 卤族元素中原子序数和原子量最小，卤素是成盐元素的意思有很高的化学活泼性，在自然界中常常以化合物形式存在人体必需的微量元素人体必需的元素人体所需的六大营养素常量元素微量元素 糖类（碳水化合物）、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素、 水和无机盐（矿物质） Ca、P、K、S、Na、Cl、Mg 铁、铜、锌、钴、锰、铬、钼、镍、钒、锡、 硅、氟、 硒、碘 氟化物概述氟化物（Fluoride）自然界中氟主要以化合物的形式存在 萤石fluorspar（CaF2,） 磷灰石apatite 氟磷酸钙[Ca10F2(PO4)6] 冰晶石cryolite [Na3AlF6] 云母 mica 氟氯代烷（俗称氟里昂Freon）灭火剂和空调制冷剂环境中的氟分布Presence of fluoride in the environment岩石和土壤水动植物大气1ppm=1mg/kg=1mg/L=1×10-6?Presence of fluoride in the environment Fluorides in the lithosphere 地壳中普遍存在氟化物（含量0.06-0.09%） Volcanic, sub-volcanic rocks and salt deposits of marine origin contain significant amounts of fluoride - up to 2500 mg/kg 磷酸盐矿→化肥、杀虫剂 up to 42,000 mg/kg 冰晶石→铝制品 Presence of fluoride in the environment Fluorides in water all water contains fluorides in varying concentrations The fluoride content of water obtained from lakes, rivers, or artesian wells is for the most part below 0.5 mg/L the Peral river，the Changjiang River， the Yellow River Groundwater may show variations in fluoride content depending on the presence of fluoride-containing formations at different depths desalinated seawater almost all the fluoride is removed Presence of fluoride in the environmentFluorides in foods and beverages the fluoride concentration in unprocessed foods is usually low (0.1-2.5 mg/kg) Leaves of the tea plant （ 3.2 to 400 mg/kg），infusions up to 8.6mg/L. an average value 1.5mg/L (commonly used brands ) In China，fluoride-rich coal for cooking, heating and drying of food , 茶砖（brick tea ） skeletal tissue ( fish protein 21-761 mg/kg