[文学]演讲艺术自编教材教师版.docVIP

英语演讲 辅导教材 2008-2009-1 Lecture 1 What Are the Varieties of Pubic Speaking? Speaking to inform Speaking to Persuade Speaking on Special Occasions Speaking Impromptu Debating Speaking to inform: A speech to inform shares information with others to enhance their knowledge or understanding of the information, concepts and ideas you present. An informative speech is one in which you provide your audience with new and/or useful information about a significant topic. Remember, your goal is “to increase an audience’s knowledge or understanding or a topic”; your job is to define, explain and clarify your topic. No overt attempts to persuade the audience should be made but you do need to show the audience why your topic is important to them – what is the topic’s significance or consequences to their lives? Basically, there are three types of informative speeches: Speeches about people, Speeches about objects, Speeches about places, Speeches about events, Speeches about processes and Speeches about concepts. 告知性演讲是一种给观众提供某个重要主题的新信息和/或有益信息的演讲。记住，你的目的是“增加听众对某一主题的知识和了解”。 你的任务是去定义，去理解和阐明你的主题。不要试图公然的说服听众，但需要让听众明白为什么你的主题对他们来说很重要 － 这个主题对于他们的生活有什么重要性，有什么后果？ 一般说来，告知性演讲有：介绍人物的演讲、介绍事务的演讲、介绍的地点的演讲、介绍事件的演讲、介绍过程的演讲及介绍概念的演讲。 Speeches about people, objects, places, and events Speeches of these types attempt to give the audience a clear picture of a particular activity, object, person, or place. Language, examples, and imagery are particularly important for the success of such a speech. 这种类型的演讲试图给听众描绘某种特定活动、某个物品、人或地方的清晰图像。语言，例子和比喻手法对于这类演讲的成功至关重要。 Examples: 1) About People – Thomas Jefferson You may organize your speech either chronologically or topically. One Chronological pattern: I. Jefferson’s Early Life II. Jefferson’s Middle Years III. Jefferson’s Last Years One topical pattern: I. Jefferson as Revolutionary II. Jefferson as President III. Jefferson as Elder Statesman 2) About objects – Coffee, Cameras, the Great Wall of China Specific purpose statements for informative speeches about