对几种典型土壤中粘粒级有机_矿质复合体的初步表征.docxVIP

对几种典型土壤中粘粒级有机-矿质复合体的初步表征黄擎 1, 2,李发生 2,汪群慧 1( 1. 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090; 2.中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012)摘要: 采用超声分散法提取了江西红壤、黑龙江黑土和北京潮土等 3 种典型土壤的粘粒级有机- 矿质复合体, 分别用傅立叶转换红外光谱( FTIR) 、X 射线衍射( XRD) 、扫描电镜- X 射线能谱( SEM- EDS) 以及固态核磁共振( NMR) 等方法对提取的有机- 矿质复合体进行了表征。结果表明, 黑土复合体具有最高的有机质含量和最大的阳离子交换容量。3 种复合体的主要矿物成分均为石英, 但 红壤复合体还含有云母与闪石等成分, 而黑土和潮土复合体主要还包括长石和方解石成分。对 NMR 不同化学位移域的谱峰积分 得到 3 种粘粒级复合体有机碳的组成比例, 红壤复合体中脂类 C 的含量最高, 黑土复合体中烷氧基 C 的含量最高, 而潮土中烷氧 基 C、脂类 C 以及芳香族 C 的含量相差不多。关键词: 土壤有机- 矿质复合体; 傅立叶转换红外光谱; X 射线衍射; 扫描电镜;固态核磁共振中图分类号: S153.6文献标识码: A文章编号: 1672- 2043(2006)02- 0407- 05Pr eliminar y Char acter ization of Clay Or gano- Miner al Aggr egates Isolated fr om Differ ent Typical SoilsHUANG Qing1,2, LI Fa-sheng2, WANG Qun-hui1(1. Department of Environmental Science Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; 2. Chinese Research A- cademy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China)Abstr act: Clay organo- mineral aggregates were isolated from different soils in China including red soil, black soil and fluvo- aquic soil by ultrasonic dispersion in water followed by sedimentation. The physico- chemical properties of organo- mineral aggregates were determined and the clay fractions were characterized jointly with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X- ray diffraction (XRD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. It was found that clay fraction of black soil had the highest soil organic matter content and greatest cation exchange capacity. XRD patterns showed that quartz was the dominant mineral in all kinds of clays. Clay of red soil also consisted of mica, amphibole and trace amount of chlorite, while the mineral assemblage of black soil consisted of feldspar, calcite and trace amount of mica and chlorite. The mineral in clay of fluvo- aquic soil was mica, feldspar, calcite and dolomite. From FTIR spectra, the result can be reached that mineral components from red soil are mainly kaolinites w