英汉翻译以及翻译方法总结报告.docVIP

原文 Law Enforcement across National Boundaries Traditionally, the jurisdiction of courts was local. That is, courts could only prosecute offences committed against local laws. There is, however, always the possibility that national governments will allow some crimes to be considered under extraterritorial jurisdiction. Some common examples include offences committed on the high seas and crimes committed by members of the defence forces. In rare circumstances, a nation’s laws may apply to acts committed overseas by foreign nationals. Recent war crimes prosecutions in?Australia?involved defendants who were residing elsewhere at the time the alleged offences were committed. These circumstances are, to say the least, most unusual. But in a shrinking world where the financial burdens of extradition are growing, such situations may become more common. International telecommunications-related crime is one area of international law enforcement that will require concerted international cooperation. Past performance suggests that this cooperation is only likely to be forthcoming where there is widespread international consensus about the negative impacts of the activity in question such as child pornography. And the greater the cultural and ideological differences between the two nations involved, the more difficult extradition or any other form of cooperation is likely to be. Even so, such a process assumes a seamless world system of stable sovereign states; such a system does not exist today, nor is it likely to exist in our lifetime. Law enforcement vacuums exist in some parts of the world, and in some countries the rule of law has effectively collapsed. And where there are strong national governments, the corruption of individual regimes can impede international cooperation. 译文 跨国执法 传统上，法院的司法权具有区域性。换句话说就是法院只能够起诉触犯当地法律的违法行为。但是，总是有些国外政府将罪犯置于治外法权的保护之下。一些普通的例子就包括在公海上的犯罪以及国防军成员的犯罪。 在某些罕见的情况下，一个国家的法律也许能够借外国侨民之手来裁决国外犯罪。在澳大利亚的近代战犯起诉中就牵扯到了被告人当时定居国外却被判定为嫌疑犯的情况。这些情况可说是非常罕见的。但是在一个逐渐缩小