中国大中城市儿童第二掌骨掌骨指数正常参考值.docVIP

中国大中城市儿童第二掌骨掌骨指数正常参考值 　作者：张绍岩，张丽君，张继业，邢艳丽，李贺体 【摘要】 　　目的 确定中国大中城市儿童第二掌骨的掌骨指数正常值，为临床应用提供参考。方法 抽取上海、广州、温州、大连、石家庄市汉族健康儿童11 658名，男5 763名，女5 895名，年龄3~19岁。在左手后前位X线片上，由1名观察者使用数字游标卡尺测量第二掌骨长度中点处的掌骨外径(D)和内径(d)，计算掌骨指数(D-d)/D。采用Box-Cox幂指数分布模型(Box-Cox power exponential distribution，BCPE)建立第二掌骨的掌骨指数Z分值曲线评价图表,以Q检验和拟合的百分位数曲线下样本例数的百分数检验BCPE模型的拟合优度。结果 男女儿童掌骨指数分别由3岁时的0.436和0.473增长到19岁时的0.623和0.655。在男3~6岁、女3~7岁和男12~16岁、女10~14岁，掌骨指数的增长较快。在所有年龄组女童掌骨指数均显著大于男童(Plt;0.01)。以BCPE模型所拟合的百分位数曲线下样本例数的百分数与其理论百分位相差在0.03%~0.34%。结论 在生长发育过程中男女儿童掌骨指数随年龄而增长，但在所有年龄上掌骨指数存在显著的性别差异。以BCPE模型拟合的百分位数曲线符合掌骨指数数据的实际分布。 【关键词】 中国儿童 掌骨指数 Z分值 　　[Abstract] Objective The normative values of metacarpal of second metacarpal were determined for Chinese children from large and middling cities in China,to provide the references for bone mass estimation in clinic.Methods The sample was 11 658(5 763 boys，5 895 girls)normal Han healthy children aged 3~19 years from Shanghai,Guangzhou,Wenzhou,Dalian and Shijiazhuang cities of China.The measurements of total outer width (D) and medullary inner width (d) were made at the midshaft of second metacarpal from postero-anterior left hand radiographs with a digital caliper by one examiner,and the metacarpal index (MCI) were calculated as the ratio of cortical width to total width (D - d)/D.The Z score curves of the metacarpal index were fitted by BCPE distribution and the goodness-of-fit of BCPE models were assessed by Q-test and percents of cases of sample below the fitted centile curves.Results The medians of MCI were observed to increase with age from 0.436 to 0.623 in the male group and from 0.473 to 0.655 in the female group over 3~19 years.The boy?s and girl?s MCI all exhibited two sharper increasing periods.A short one presented from 3 to 6 years for boys and from 3 to 7 years for girls,but the increase of MCI of girls was more rapid than that of boys;the other long one presented from 12 to 16 years for boys and from 10 to 14 years for girls,the increase of MCI of boys was more rap