high diversity of the fungal community structure in naturally-occurring ophiocordyceps sinensis高多样性的自然产生的ophiocordyceps sinensis真菌群落结构.pdfVIP

High Diversity of the Fungal Community Structure in Naturally-Occurring Ophiocordyceps sinensis 1,2 2 3 1 1 Yongjie Zhang , Shu Zhang , Mu Wang , Fengyan Bai , Xingzhong Liu * 1 Key Laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2 School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, 3 School of Plant Sciences and Technology, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College of Tibet, Nyingchi, Tibet, China Abstract Background: Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps sinensis), which is a parasite of caterpillars and is endemic to alpine regions on the Tibetan Plateau, is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi in the world. ‘‘Natural O. sinensis specimens’’ harbor various other fungi. Several of these other fungi that have been isolated from natural O. sinensis specimens have similar chemical components and/or pharmaceutical effects as O. sinensis. Nevertheless, the mycobiota of natural O. sinensis specimens has not been investigated in detail. Methodology/Principal Findings: Based on the technique of PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), the mycobiota of three different sections (stromata, sclerotia, and mycelial cortices) from natural O. sinensis specimens were investigated using both culture-dependent and -independent methods. For the culture-dependent method, 572 fungal strains were isolated, and 92 putative operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from 226 sequenced strains with the threshold of 97%. For the culture-independent method, 490 fungal clones were identified from about 3000 clones of ITS fragments from the whole-community DNA; based on PCR-SSCP analyses, 266 of these clones wer