有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站a single heterochromatin boundary element imposes position-independent antisilencing activity in saccharomyces cerevisiae minichromosomes一个异染色质边界元对位置无关antisilencing活动酿酒酵母minichromosomes.pdfVIP
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a single heterochromatin boundary element imposes position-independent antisilencing activity in saccharomyces cerevisiae minichromosomes一个异染色质边界元对位置无关antisilencing活动酿酒酵母minichromosomes
A Single Heterochromatin Boundary Element Imposes Position-Independent Antisilencing Activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Minichromosomes 1 2{ 1 Sangita A. Chakraborty *, Robert T. Simpson , Sergei A. Grigoryev * 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eberly College of Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America Abstract Chromatin boundary elements serve as cis-acting regulatory DNA signals required to protect genes from the effects of the neighboring heterochromatin. In the yeast genome, boundary elements act by establishing barriers for heterochromatin spreading and are sufficient to protect a reporter gene from transcriptional silencing when inserted between the silencer and the reporter gene. Here we dissected functional topography of silencers and boundary elements within circular minichromosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that both HML-E and HML-I silencers can efficiently repress the URA3 reporter on a multi-copy yeast minichromosome and we further showed that two distinct heterochromatin boundary elements STAR and TEF2-UASrpg are able to limit the heterochromatin spreading in circular minichromosomes. In surprising contrast to what had been observed in the yeast genome, we found that in minichromosomes the heterochromatin boundary elements inhibit silencing of the reporter gene even when just one boundary element is positioned at the distal end of the URA3 reporter or upstream of the silencer elements. Thus the STAR and TEF2-UASrpg boundary elements inhibit
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