儿童抑郁量表在合肥市中小学生中应用.docVIP

儿童抑郁量表在合肥市中小学生中应用【摘要】 目的 运用儿童抑郁量表（CDI）评定中小学生抑郁症状的流行状况，为制定儿童抑郁预防干预措施提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法，选取合肥市9 258名8～18岁城乡中小学生为研究对象，采用儿童抑郁量表对其进行抑郁症状的自评。结果 合肥市中小学生抑郁症状总检出率为14.3%，男生高于女生，城市小学男生高于女生；各年龄段中小学生的CDI平均值折线图呈现近似“U”字形，11岁组最低，18岁组最高；不同年级中小学生抑郁症状检出率比较，城市学生抑郁症状检出率以高中学生最高，小学最低。结论 应加强中小学生的心理健康教育和健康促进工作，以提高中小学生的心理健康水平。 【关键词】 抑郁；心理学，应用；问卷调查；儿童 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 395.6 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2009)04-0336-03 Application of Child Depression Inventory Among 9 258 Primary and Secondary School Students/WANG Jun?*, ZHANG Hong-bo, HU Hai-li, et al. ?* Department of Maternal and Child Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China 【Abstract】 Objective To determine the prevalence and epidemiological features of depressive symptoms by using Child Depression Inventory(CDI) among primary and secondary school students, and to provide evidence for prevention measures against children’ s depression.Methods By stratified-cluster sampling method, 9 258 primary and secondary school students were collected to complete CDI. Results The total prevalence of depression symptom was 14.3%. The prevalence of boys was higher than girls in depression symptoms, especially among primary school students in urban areas. The distribution of the CDI mean score for all ages presented figure of “U”, 11-year-old group with the lowest mean scores of CDI and 18-year-old group with the highest. The prevalence of depression symptoms had great significant difference between primary and middle school students in urban areas, the prevalence was highest in students of senior high school and lowest in students of primary school. Conclusion Improvement in mental health status of school students depends upon reinforcement of mental health education and promotion. 【Key words】 Depression;Psychology,applied;Questionnaries;Child 儿童抑郁主要表现为情绪低落、兴趣降低、信心缺乏、睡眠障碍及食欲不振等症状，并常与一些心理和行为问题伴随存在，如常伴随有焦虑障碍（30%~75%）、品行障碍（30%）、注意缺陷伴多动障碍 （24%）、物质滥用（20%~30%）等［1］，严重影响儿童学习能力和社会功能。值得关注的是，儿童抑郁与自杀行为密切关联，约49.3%的抑郁障碍儿童有自杀意念［2］，而自杀死亡者中患