聚乙烯可降解塑料难点.docVIP

本科毕业论文 聚乙烯可降解塑料薄膜的研究进展 The research progress of polyethylene biodegradable membrane 学 院 化工与药学院 专 业 化学工程与工艺 年级班别 2010级2班 学 号____2010402010233 学生姓名 张磊 指导教师 张冕 2014年5月28日 聚乙烯可降解塑料的研究进展 摘 要 常见的塑料有2种：一种是聚乙烯薄膜、一种是聚氯乙烯薄膜；聚乙烯薄膜具有一定的透气性而且无毒所以被大量应用在包装材料和农用薄膜方面。而聚氯乙烯薄膜是有毒的因而不能与食品直接接触常被用于做雨衣、鞋底、手提包等。 随着聚乙烯薄膜被广泛应用,塑料废料造成的环境污染已引起人们的关注,因而,研究降解性塑料是解决塑料废料问题的基本途径之一。本课题是针对当前造成严重环境污染的高分子材料,特别是广泛应用的农用薄膜难以降解,难以收集造成“白色污染”的现状而提出的。综述了可降解塑料的基本概况及其研究进展,以及降解塑料的降解机理。介绍聚乙烯薄膜中光降解、生物降解、光-生物降解材料的研究进展，聚乳酸、淀粉、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯三种常用的降解材料，以及两种光敏剂硬脂酸铁、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸铁的作用机理。研究了光、热、微生等因素的协同作用下的降解性能和作用机理。 关键词：聚乙烯薄膜; 降解性塑料; 降解机理; 降解材料; 光敏剂 Abstract With the wide application of polyethylene film in packaging materials and agricultural film, plastic waste pollution has aroused peoples concern, therefore, study on the degradable plastics is one of the basic ways to solve problem of plastic waste. This topic is for polymer materials currently causing serious environmental pollution, especially agricultural film is widely applied to degradation, it is difficult to collect status of white pollution caused by the reviews the basic situation of degradable plastics and research, describes the degradation mechanism of biodegradable plastics. To introduce the research progress of photo degradation, biodegradation photo biodegradable materials of polyethylene film, the poly lactic acid, starch, poly butylene succinate three commonly used degradable material, illustrates the mechanism of two kinds of photosensitizer Ferric Stearate, two Ding Ji two dithiocarbamate iron. Studyon the degradation mechanism of synergistic effect and effect of light, heat, and other factors under . Keywords:polyethylene film; degradable plastics; the degradation m