大兴安岭气候变化及其对林火发生的影响.pdfVIP

第36卷第7期 东 北 林 业 大 学 学 报 V01．36 No．7 2008年7月 JOURNAL OF NORTHEAST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY Ju1．2008 大兴安岭气候变化及其对林火发生的影响 张艳平 胡海清 (东北林业大学，哈尔滨，150040) 摘 要 利用大兴安岭地区1972—2oo5年的气象资料，运用Yamamoto检测、气候倾向率等方法分析了该区 域的气候变化规律、突变特征等，并初步探讨了这种变化对林火发生的影响。结果表明：近34 a来，大兴安岭年均 气温呈显著的升高趋势，气温突变出现在1988年前后；降水量、年平均相对湿度波动性较大，总体上呈略增加趋 势；进入21世纪，年及各季节降水、相对湿度大幅度减少，且气温升高，表现出明显暖干化趋势；各气候因子季节性 差异很大，夏季干旱化趋势较为严重。1987年后，积极的防火措施促进了可燃物的大量积累，在气候干旱的条件 下，大兴安岭雷击火明显增多，8月份成为新的雷击火多发月。 关键词 气候变化；气温；降水；相对湿度；林火 分类号 P467 Climatic Change and Its Impact on Forest Fire in Daxing’anling Mountains／Zhang Yanping．Hu Haiqing(School of Forestry．Northeast Forestry University，Harbin 150040，P．R．China)／／Journal of Northeast Forestry University．一 2008．36(7)．一29～31．36 Rules of climate change and features of abrupt change were analyzed using the meteorological data from 1972 to 2005 in Daxing’anling Mountains by the methods of Yamamoto check and climate trend eoefficient．The impact of climate change on forest fire was discussed．Results showed that the annual average temperature exhibited an obviously increasing tendency in recent 34 years，and temperature iump appeared around 1988；precipitation and relative humidity had great fluctuations and revealed a slighfly increasing trend．During the 21 st eentury，annual and seasonal precipitation as well as annual and seasonal relative humidity decreased largely，but the annual average temperature increased，indicating an obvi OUS warming drying trend．There was a large difference of climatic factors in seasonal change．and the drought trend in summer was marked in recent years．Fires caused by lightning strike have increased obviously since 1987 due to fuel accu mulation and drought trend．and lightning