Shakespeare莎士比亚简介.ppt

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) Shakespeare major works Theme Three periods of his dramas’ development Hamlet (summary plot analysis status) All through his life, Shakespeare has written 38 plays, 154 sonnets, and 2 long poems. Theme His plays mainly based on historical records, novels, folklore and the old operas and other existing materials. 戏剧多取材于历史记载、小说、民间传说和老戏等已有的材料 A reflection from the feudal society to capitalist society, the historical reality of the transition. 反映了封建社会向资本主义社会过渡的历史现实 Promote the emerging bourgeoisie humanitarianism thought and point of view of human nature. 宣扬了新兴资产阶级的人道主义思想和人性论观点 The first period(1590-1600) In the first period(1590-1600), he created mainly history plays and comedies. The second period(1601-1607) 四大悲剧： 《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet） 《奥赛罗》( Othello) 《李尔王》 (King Lear) 《麦克白》（Macbeth） 著名悲剧： 《雅典的泰门》（Timon of Athens） 三部喜剧： 《特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达》（Troilus and Cressida） 《终成眷属》（All’s Well That Ends Well） 《一报还一报》（Measure for measure） The third period(1608-1613) In his last year，Shakespeare turned to writing dramatic romances or romantic tragi-comedies. Winter’s Tale 《冬天的故事》 The Tempest 《暴风雨》 The tempest is regarded as the masterpiece of this period and is Shakespeares last will and testament of the poem. Hamlet There are thousand Hamlets in thousands of people’s eyes. Summary of the story Prince of Denmark, Helmet’s father was killed by his uncle. Hemlet revenged for his father. He struggled with the conspiracy(阴谋） of his enemy and his own heart. Finally, he died with his enemy. plot 回国奔丧 发现叔叔继位、母亲改嫁 遇到父亲亡魂，得知真相 装疯卖傻，迷惑敌人 排演戏中戏，确认凶手 误杀波洛涅斯，规劝母亲 大难不死，逃回丹麦 奥菲利亚溺水而死，雷欧提斯复仇 叔叔毒计密谋 哈、雷二人相约比剑 母亲误饮毒酒，哈、雷二人中毒剑 哈姆雷特杀死叔叔 大臣以军礼安葬哈姆雷特 Analysis 在人物塑造上，该作品着重通过内心矛盾冲突的描写揭示人物的深度。 在戏剧冲突的建构上，莎翁的悲剧以描写人与人之间的自然本性为核心，故不像古希腊悲剧那样主要表现人与外部自然力之间的冲突，而是表现人与人以及人与自身的理智、信念与情感、欲望之间的冲突。 哈姆雷特是世界文学史上一个极富艺术魅力的典型，这种魅力的产生很大程度上依赖于形象心理蕴含的丰富性。哈姆雷特的内心冲突是随着为父报仇的戏剧情节逐步展开并激化的，而复仇的外在冲突又逐渐让位于内心冲突，从而揭示出犹豫徘徊的本质特征。他追逐理想却又对现实丑恶感到失望甚至悲观；向往人性的善但又深信人自身有恶的宿命；想重整乾坤又因人性之恶的深重而感到无力回天等等。 status The tra