西方文艺理论课件01F.pptVIP

古希腊罗马时期文学理论 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 西方文艺理论 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 贺拉斯的《诗艺》 “希腊，如今的俘虏，却俘获了她狂野的征服者，为罗马带来了文化。” 罗马诗人中的一个主要争论：在什么范围内背离希腊典范或者进行创新是可以允许的。不唯作诗之法缺乏创新，诗论亦无创新。 日本在有些时期（特别是中国国力减弱时）会出现抵制甚至贬低中国文化的民族主义倾向，罗马则虽明见希腊在政治上衰落，也不改其对希腊文化的倾慕。 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 贺拉斯的《诗艺》 贺拉斯（Horace）奥古斯都时代（公元前30-公元14年）的文坛巨匠。其文学理论见其《书信》（亦以诗写成）中的一些篇章，以《诗艺》（原名Epistola ad Pisones，后昆体良（Quintilian）将其改称Ars Poetica）一篇最著。 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 贺拉斯的《诗艺》 奥古斯都（Augustus），本名Gaius Octavius Thurinus, named Gaius Julius Caesar (after his great-uncle by the same name)。在其任皇帝期间，拉丁文学达到极盛。 Augustine of Hippo (奥古斯丁，354–430), also known as St. Augustine, was Bishop of Hippo Regius. He was a Latin-speaking philosopher and theologian who lived in the Roman Africa Province. His writings were very influential in the development of Western Christianity. 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 贺拉斯的《诗艺》 Horace was the son of a freed slave, and his father was able to spend considerable money on his education, accompanying him first to Rome for his primary education, and then sending him to Athens to study Greek and philosophy. After the assassination of Julius Caesar, Horace joined the army and fought on the republican side. When an amnesty was declared for those who had fought against Octavian, Horace returned to Italy, only to find his estate confiscated. However, he had the means to gain a profitable lifetime appointment as an official of the Treasury, which allowed him to practice his poetic art. 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 贺拉斯的《诗艺》 Horace was a member of a literary circle that included Virgil and Lucius Varius Rufus, who introduced him to Maecenas, friend and confidant of Augustus. Maecenas became his patron and close friend and presented Horace with an estate near Tibur in the Sabine Hills (contemporary Tivoli). Horace died in Rome at age 57 a few months after the death of Maecenas. Upon his death bed, having no heirs, Horace relinquished his farm to his friend, the emperor Augustus, for imperial needs, and it stands today as a spot of pilgrimage for his admirers. 古希腊罗马时期文学理论 贺拉斯的《诗艺》 贺拉斯的理论几乎全借自亚里士