11(非谓语动词)4.19更具体的.pptVIP

非谓语动词 不定式 1. 作主语 侧重于动作的具体性和将来性 To play basketball is a great pleasure. 但为使句子平衡,常用it 代它作主语, 把它移到句子后部去. It is a great pleasure to play basketball. 2. 作宾语 A. 跟不定式作宾语的常见动词: （１）hope, want , expect, wish, desire, like, love, dislike ,hate, plan, intend, mean, prepare, decide, determine, afford, fail, manage, try、dare, help , promise、refuse、 learn、offer、 agree、forget ,bother . 3. 作表语 A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。 He is to marry Rose. B.表示主语的内容，但侧重于目的性。 Her wish was to become an artist. C. 表示情态意义(应该, 必须)。 The form is to be filled in and returned within a week. She is to blame. 4.不定式作定语 A.一般表示将发生的情况，放在名词后。 Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone.(主谓关系) She has a good chance to go to college. (同位关系) He has got lots of questions to ask. (动宾关系) 5.不定式作宾语补足语 跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词 A. let, have, make, get等表使役的动词 They made us go with them. 注意: Let/ have/make sb. do ; get sb. to do They got us to go with them. E. see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel等表感官的动词 I noticed tears come into his eyes. We often hear her sing the song at home. 注: 感官动词后的不定式均不带to 6. 不定式作状语 2).不定式作结果状语 作结果状语的不定式常用于一些固定搭配中。如:too …to, enough to，sufficient to，only to，never to，so + 形容词/副词 + as to, such + 名词+ as to do引导。 Would you be so kind as to step this way, please? I tried the door, only to find it locked inside. 二、动名词 1. 动名词作主语 Seeing is believing. Playing chess is fun. Its no use waiting here. 动名词作主语,也可用it 作形式主语.但只限于下面句型: 2） 动名词在“It is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容词 + doing”结构中作主语。例如： 　　It is nice playing chess after supper.　 2. 动名词作表语 动名词作表语起名词作用,表示主语的内容,这时动名词和主语的位置是可以交换的。 The nurses job is looking after the patients.= Looking after the patients is the nurses job. Four skills of English learning are listening, speaking, reading and writing. = listening, speaking, reading and writing are four skills of English learning . 3. 动名词作定语 动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系.。表示名词用途。 a racing car= a car that is used to race a swimming pool= a pool that is used to swim in 单