英语词汇学教程chapter4-7.8.Presentation.ppt

4.7 Back-formation ---Regina ←→ For example edit beg butle 1)Abstract Nouns 2)Agential Nouns 3)Compound Nouns and Others 4)Adjectives 1)Abstract Nouns e.g. diagnose ?diagnosis donate ?donation reminisce ?reminiscence appreciate ? difficult ? mass-produce ? 2)Agential Nouns e.g. loaf ?loafer, hawk ?hawker, sculpt ?sculptor, butch ? peddle ? orate ? 3)Compound Nouns and Others e.g. eavesdrop ?eavesdropping, merrymake(寻欢作乐) ?merry-making babysit ?babysitter air-condition ? free-associate(自由联想) ? care-take(暂时看管) ? 4)Adjectives e.g. drowse ?drowsy, laze ?lazy frivol ?frivolous, cose (聊天，谈心) ? greed (n) ? gloom (n) ? 4.8 Sound Reduplication Sound Reduplication Definition: the formation of compound words by repeating the same element with little or no change 汉语重叠 AABB 热热闹闹 哭哭啼啼 吃吃喝喝 2. ABB/BBA 黑乎乎，邦邦硬，滚滚圆 3.ABAB 哗啦哗啦，讨论讨论 4.A里AB 俗里俗气，傻里傻气 5.AA 想想，看看，走走 4.9 Commonization of Proper Names 1) Names of people e.g. Newton, from the English scientist Newton cherub (a charming pretty male child)，from Cherub (a winged little attendant of God) bobby (BrE policeman), from Sir Robert Peel (founder of London police in early 19th century), robot, from the mechanical monsters in the play R.U.R. by Karel Capek. 2 )Names of places e.g. china (porcelain), from the homeland China, champagne (a kind of wine), from Champagne in France where the white champagne was first produced, 3)Names of books e.g. Utopia(an imaginary perfect society), from Sir Thomas More’s book Utopia, odyssey (an extended journey, 长期的冒险旅行)，from Homer’s epic The Odyssey, which describes all the hardships Odysseus experienced on his voyage home after the fall of Troy 4) Tradenames (商标名) e.g. nylon, orlon, dacron, rayon (origi