机械毕业设计英文翻译1.docVIP

Design, Invention, Creativity These are all familiar terms but may mean different things to different people. These terms can encompass a wide range of activities from styling the newest look in clothing, to creating impressive architecture, to engineering a machine for the manufacture of facial tissues. Engineering design, which we are concerned with here, embodies all three of these activities as well as many others. The word design is derived from the Latin designate, which means “to designate, or mark out.” Websters gives several definitions, the most applicable being “to outline, plot, or plan, as action or work..., to conceive, invent - contrive.” Engineering design has been defined as “... the process of applying the various techniques and scientific principles for the purpose of defining a device, a process or a system in sufficient detail to permit its realization... Design may be simple or enormously complex, easy or difficult, mathematical or nonmathematical; it may involve a trivial problem or one of great importance.” Design is a universal constituent of engineering practice. But the complexity of engineering subjects usually requires that the student be served with a collection of structured, set-piece problems designed to elucidate a particular concept or concepts related to the particular topic. These textbook problems typically take the form of “given A, B, C, and D find E.” Unfortunately, real-life engineering problems are almost never so structured. Real design problems more often take the form of What we need is a frame to stuff this widget into that hole within the time allocated to the transfer of this other gizmo.” The new engineering graduate will search in vain among his or her textbooks for much guidance to solve such a problem. This unstructured problem statement usually leads to what is commonly called “blank paper syndrome.” Engineers often find themselves staring at a blank sheet of paper pondering how to begin solving such an ill-defi