论微观经济学中的弹性.docVIP

论微观经济学中的弹性 西南大学经济管理学院 微观经济学作业论文 年级：2011级 姓名：谢伟 学号：222011303250202 班级：工管6班 任课教师：周黎明 论微观经济学中的弹性 摘 要 价格的变动会引起需求量与供给量的变动，但需求量或供给量对价格变动的反应程度是不同的。有些商品价格变动的幅度小，而需求量或供给量变动的幅度大；另一些商品价格变动的幅度大，而需求量或供给量变动的幅度小。弹性理论说明了需求量或供给量变动与价格变动之间的这种量的关系。本文详细系统的介绍了弹性理论。弹性分为需求弹性与供给弹性，需求弹性又分为需求的价格弹性、需求的收入弹性与需求的交叉弹性。需求的价格弹性指价格变动的比率所引起的需求量变动的比率；需求的收入弹性是指因收入变动而引起的需求量的相应的变动率；需求的交叉弹性是指相关的两种商品中，一种商品的价格变动所引的另一种商品的需求量变动的比率；供给弹性即因价格变动而引起的供给量的相应的变动率。 关键词：弹性理论 需求弹性 供给弹性 Microeconomics theory of elastic Abstract The price change will cause the supply and demand for the change, but demand or supply prices change reaction degree is different. Some commodity price change the range of the smaller, and demand a large range of change or supply; Other commodities price change a large range of, and demand for the range of the small changes or supply. Elastic theory that the demand or supply fluctuation and the price change of this kind of relationship between quantity. This paper introduces the elastic theory system. Elasticity of demand elasticity and divided into elasticity of supply and demand elasticity of demand and divided into the price elasticity of demand, the income elasticity and demand elasticity of the cross. The price elasticity of demand refers to the ratio of price changes caused by the change of demand ratio; The income of the demand elasticity refers to changes in income for caused by the change of demand for corresponding rate; The demand of the cross is to point to the related elastic two kinds of the merchandise, changes in the price of a commodity that lead of another commodity demand change ratio; That is because the price elasticity of supply changes caused by the change of the quantity of corresponding rate. Key words：Elasticity theory Demand elasticity Elasticity of supply  目录 引 言 1 一、弹性的定义 1 二、需求价格弹性 2 1．需求价格弹性的含义 2 2．需求价格弹性的计算：点弹性与弧弹性 3 2.1点弹性的计算 3 2.2弧弹性的计算 3 3．需求弹性的分类 4 4．影响需求弹性的因素 4 三、需求收入弹性 5 1．需求收入弹性的含义与公式 5 2．需求收入弹性的分类 5 3．需求收入弹性与恩格尔定理 6 四、需求交叉弹性 6 五、供给弹性 7 1. 供给价格弹性的含