Membrane contact sites between pathogen-containing compartments and host organelles.pdfVIP

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1861 (2016) 895–899 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biochimica et Biophysica Acta journal homepage: /locate/bbalip Review Membrane contact sites between pathogen-containing compartments and host organelles☆ Maud Dumoux, Richard D. Hayward ? Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London Birkbeck, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK article info Article history: Received 1 October 2015 Received in revised form 20 January 2016 Accepted 25 January 2016 Available online 26 January 2016 Keywords: Pathogen Membrane contact Organelle Type III secretion Lipid abstract Intracellular pathogens survive and replicate within specialised membrane-bound compartments that can be considered as pseudo-organelles. Using the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia as an illustrative example, we consider the modes of lipid transport between pathogen-containing compartments and host organelles, including the formation of static membrane contact sites. We discuss how lipid scavenging can be mediated via the reprogramming of cellular transporters at these interfaces and describe recent data suggesting that pathogen effectors modulate the formation of speci?c membrane contacts. Further study of these emerging mechanisms is likely to yield new insights into the cell biology of lipid transport and organelle communication, which highlights potential new targets and strategies for future therapeutics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon. ? 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 1. Introduction Many medically important bacterial pathogens engage in complex interactions with cells of their eukaryotic hosts. This interplay is mediated by bacterial virulence effector proteins, which are delivered directly into the host cell via sophisticated molecular nan