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Micro- and nano-volume samples by electrothermal, near-torch vaporization sample introduction using removable, interchangeable and portable rhenium coiled-filament assemblies and axially-viewed induct.pdf
Spectrochimica Acta Part B 77 (2012) 19–30
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Spectrochimica Acta Part B
journal homepage: /locate/sab
Micro- and nano-volume samples by electrothermal, near-torch vaporization sample introduction using removable, interchangeable and portable rhenium coiled-?lament assemblies and axially-viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
Hamid R. Badiei 1, Bryant Lai, Vassili Karanassios ?
Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
article info
Article history: Received 30 May 2012 Accepted 24 July 2012 Available online 31 July 2012
Keywords: Electrothermal vaporization Near-torch vaporization (NTV) Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) Microsamples Nanosamples
abstract
An electrothermal, near-torch vaporization (NTV) sample introduction for micro- or nano-volume samples is described. Samples were pipetted onto coiled-?lament assemblies that were purposely developed to be removable and interchangeable and were dried and vaporized into a small-volume vaporization chamber that clips onto any ICP torch with a ball joint. Interchangeable assemblies were also constructed to be small-size (e.g., less than 3 cm long with max diameter of 0.65 cm) and light-weight (1.4 g) so that they can be portable. Interchangeable assemblies with volume-capacities in three ranges (i.e., b1 μL, 1–10 μL and 10–100 μL) were fabricated and used. The horizontally-operated NTV sample introduction was interfaced to an axially-viewed ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry) system and NTV was optimized using ICP-AES and 8 elements (Pb, Cd, Zn, V, Ba, Mg, Be and Ca). Precision was 1.0–2.3% (peak height) and 1.1–2.4% (peak area). Detection limits (obtained using 5 μL volumes) expressed in absolute-amounts ranged between 4 pg for Pb to 0.3 fg (~5 million atoms) for Ca. Detection limits expressed in concentration units (obtained using 100 μL volumes
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