鄂东北枫香林更新演替研究.docVIP

鄂东北枫香林更新演替研究 　　摘要：实地调查了红安天台山的枫香（Liquidambar formosana）纯林、枫香-锐齿槲栎（Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata Maxim）等阔叶混交林、枫香-马尾松（Pinus massoniana Lamb.）针阔混交林3种森林类型的12个样地，分别选用特卡钦科法、分层频度法评价各森林类型的更新等级和演替趋势。结果表明，3种森林群落的优势树种更新较差，幼苗数量比较少，主要受郁闭度、坡向、坡度和坡位的影响。阔叶纯林（枫香林）将演替为以枫香、锐齿槲栎和化香（Platycarya strobilacea Sieb.et Zucc.）为主要组成树种的阔叶混交林；以枫香为主的阔叶混交林在一定时期内将演替为阔叶混交林；而针阔混交林将演替为阔叶混交林。 　　关键词：枫香（Liquidambar formosana）林；更新演替；郁闭度；影响因子 　　中图分类号：S718.54+1；S792.99 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）19-4932-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.19.008 　　Abstract：At Mout Tiantai， Hong’an， ork red safety Tiantai Chunlin， and other broad-leaved forest， types such as 12 plots including three kinds of forest such as sweetgum （Liquidambar formosana） pure forest， Liquidambar-Quercus （Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata Maxim） and Liquidambar-Masson Pine （Pinus massoniana Lamb.） needle broad mixed forest were investgated using Teka Cinco method，hierarchical method to evaluate the regeneration grade and succession trends of differnt forest types. The results showed that the dominant tree species in three forest communities regenerated poorly with relatively small number of seedlings，mainly due to canopy density，slope aspect，slope gradient and slope position. Broadleaf pure forest （Liquidambar formosana） developed the succession of sweetgum，Quercus of sharp teeth and Platycarya strobilacea Sieb. et Zucc. as the main tree species of broad-leaved mixed forest. Broad-leaved mixed forest with the dominant Liquidambar would develop the succession of broad-leaved mixed forest during a period of time， and the conifer broadleaf mixed forests would develop as broad-leaved mixed forest. 　　Key words： sweetgum（Liquidambar formosana） forest；regeneration and succession；canopy density；impact factor 　　枫香（Liquidambar formosana）是一种广泛分布于中国北亚热带以南平原和山区的先锋树种，是长江中下游地区最重要的冠层树种之一[1]，在鄂东北地区以红安县枫香林最为典型。目前，有关于枫香种子成熟、萌发的习性、枫香叶片对荫蔽的形态改变及种群发育规律等的研究[2]，而对其种群的更新演替方面研究较少。 　　森林更新演替是森林资源再生产的一个重要生态学过程，是森林生态系统自我繁衍恢复的手段，也是维持森林动态稳定和可持续发展的基础。依靠林