ch7正反译法分析.pptVIP

一、汉英两种语言的习惯用法不同 1） 在他还没有来得及阻挡我之前，我已经跑出教室。 Before he could stop me, I had rushed out of the classroom. 2) 如果没有他的帮助，我早就失败了。 But for his help, I should have failed. 3) 俗话说，“男儿有泪不轻弹”。 As the saying goes, “Men only weep when deeply hurt”. 二、加强语气，达到修辞效果 1）我们讨论问题时，不能忘记这些基本观点。 These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. 三、确切表达原文含义 1）他这几年一直是全勤。 He has never missed a day’s work for years. 汉译英：否定→肯定 人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。(汉语否定) The people is to the people’s army what water is to fish. （译文意义形式都肯定，两种语言表达角度正好相反） 我年轻的日子一去不返。 Gone are the days when I was young. (形式肯定，意义否定) 谅你不敢再这么干。 Do that again if you dare. （通过if句型，传达原文威胁的意味） 使我们失望的是他不顾大局。 To our disappointment , he failed to take overall situation into account. 他开车时心不在意，几乎闯祸。 His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. 汉译英：肯定→否定 他在这上面飞了很多力。 He took no little pain over it. 智者千虑，必有一失。 Even the wise are not always free from errors. 汉语以肯定句从正面表达，英语以否定句从反面表达。这反映出汉英两种语言叙述角度的差异。 汉译英：肯定→否定 这些细菌要在温度达到一百摄氏度才会死亡。 These bacteria will not die until the temperature reaches 100 degrees. 无论何处，铝在自然界总是以化合的形式存在。 Aluminum is nowhere to be found uncombined in nature. 自然界中的作用力，必定要牵涉到两个或两个以上的物体。 There is never a force acting in nature unless two or more bodies are involved. 我们还没有来得及把话讲完，接线员就把我们挂断了。 The telephone operator cut us off before we had finished our conversation. 那决不是明朝的建筑。 That is anything but a building of the Ming Dynasty. 欲速则不达。 More haste, less speed. 镇中心变化很多，根本认不出来。 她的品行不容怀疑。 我得不到上大学的机会。 我茫然不明白发生了什么事。 我们迟到了，未能听到音乐会的第一部分。 The town has changed beyond all recognition. Her conduct was above suspicion. I was denied the chance of going to university. I was at a loss (to understand) what had happened. We were late and missed the first part of the concert. 总结 汉英语言之间肯定与否定的转换比较灵活，实际操作时并无定规。在不少情况下，对原文的肯定或否定既可保留，亦可转换。 翻译句子，注意正反译法的使用。 We have had a most delightful evening, a most excellent ball. I wish you had been there. Before he arrived at the bus stop, the touring party was gone. Don’t lose