2008高考英语专题复习 句法 ppt.pptVIP

* 句法 句子的分类 按使用 目的分 1 陈述句 2 疑问句 3 祈使句 4 感叹句 b. 按结 构分 1 简单句 2 并列句 3 复合句 — 语序及主谓一致 — 反意疑问句 — 某些特殊用法 — what 与 how 一 简单句的基本句型 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 He is / looks young. 主语 + 谓语( vi.) We work hard. 主语+ 谓语 + 宾语 We study English. 主语+ 谓语 +间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (give, tell, bring, offer, award(n.奖, 奖品vt.授予), teach etc. ) 主语+谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (ask, make, allow, want, call, have , get etc.) We will make our country more beautiful. They call him BaoBao. I find it hard to persuade a woman． 二 并列句 构成： 简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句 简单句 + ； + 简单句 常见的并列连词： and; but; so ; or; for( 因为）； not only ---- but also----; neither--- nor --------- either----- or ** We must hurry, or we will be late. ** Mum has laid the table and the dinner is ready. ** I know that he has been arrested[ E5rest ]vt.逮捕, 拘留, 吸引 and that he is in prison Note: a.单纯的简单并列连词为数不多，只有and，but，or; nor，so．在它们连接较长句时, 前面通常加一个逗号： Eg: **Neither can I express my opinion，nor can he say anything． **I went to Europe on business last spring，and he returned from Europe this summer． ** He rarely meets people, ( ; )therefore he feels shy． He rarely meets people，and therefore he feels shy． He is young，( ; )however he knows more than he seems to． Hes young； however，he knows more than he seems to． **He has seen much of the world, (; ) still he is eager to see more． ** He has seen much of the world，but still he is eager to see more． b．副词连词是那些同时用作副词和连词的词( however, otherwise(adv.另外, 否则, 不同地); therefore(adv.因此); besides(adv.此外)etc. ) 它们只用来连接分句， 而不连接单词或短语。（但前面若有单纯连词，它们也可以 连接单词或短语。）它们前面可加逗号或分号： 副词连词和短语连词（不包括and，but及or）有时可放在主语后面。这时这个主语前面应用一个分号, 甚至句号 **The storm was terrible; few houses, however, were damaged． ** He made many mistakes；his younger sister， on the other hand，made very few． 复合句 如果句子的主语、宾语、定语或状语等部分是一个分句 （即一个主谓结构）时， 全句就称复合句。 主句是句子 的主体， 从句只用作句子的一个成分。 从句在句子中 作什么成分就叫什么从句。 从句的分类 定语从句 状语从句 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表