introduction to international logistics.pptVIP

* International Logistics * The Emphasis on Customer Satisfaction Just-In-Time A management philosophy that consists of planning the manufacturing and shipment of goods in such a way that they are produced and delivered just before they are needed in the next step of the assembly process. JIT is often accomplished with the adoption of MRP and MRP II systems. (准时制生产/适时反应战略 (略作 JIT), 指建立在力求消除一切浪费和不断提高生产率基础上的一种生产理念. 它覆盖了从产品设计直到产成品发送一整套的生产活动. 只要这些活动是出产一件最终产品所需要的, 包括从原材料开始的各个在制品生产阶段, 都必须向消除一切浪费、不断提高生产率的目标看齐.) Historical Development of International Logistics * International Logistics * Historical Development of International Logistics The Emphasis on Customer Satisfaction Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) A computer-based management tool that allows a manufacturing firm to determine what to produce, and in which quantity, in function of what it sells to its customers. Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II) A computer-based management tool that uses MRP at its core, and that includes other functions in the firm, such as finance and marketing. MRP(Material Requirement Planning 物料需求计划)是被设计并用于制造业库存管理信息处理的系统，它解决了如何实现制造业库存管理目标——在正确的时间按正确的数量得到所需的物料这一难题。MRP是当今众所周知的ERP的雏形，MRP与ERP的库存管理思想又源于求解制造业基本方程。 * International Logistics * What Is Logistics? Council of Logistics Management (CLM): “Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage (仓储)of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers requirements.” * International Logistics * Evolution Of Logistics * International Logistics * What Is Supply Chain Management ? Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP):供应链管理专业委员会 “Supply Chain Management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing（供货） and procurement（采购）, conversion（转换）, and all Logistics Management activities. Importantly, it also