Removed_政治机会结构与社会运动研究.pdfVIP

1 # Political Opportunity Structure and Study on Social Movement 類論 理 622 林里32 886-05-2721007 ext 5309 msho@mail.nhu.edu.tw # 年2003 年 11 29-30 北 2 論念 念 兩論見 念歷 論領流年 來 念濫論了 列1 論更2 論異 3 說4 論論立論更 論 論 Abstract Political process theory is one social movement study approach, focusing on the interaction between movement and state. Political opportunity structure, or the degree of openness of political system for collective actor, is the key concept in this theory. This paper takes a critical analysis of this concept by first reviewing the diverse research trends leading to the discovery of political process theory, and secondly, meeting contemporary criticism by clarifying some misunderstandings. For the former goal, this paper reviews American urban politics study, historical sociology, study on European new social movements, and criticism of resource mobilization theory in order to bring into picture how different research areas facilitated the rediscovery of politics in social movement. Regarding the current theoretical challenges, this paper puts forward the following suggestions. First, political process theory should delimit its application range in advance and focus on only those state-related movement. Second, the statist assumption is central in defining political opportunity structure, and helps to distinguish resource and opportunity. Third, open and closed is relative terms to describe the political opportunity structure. Social movement is suggestible to multi-dimensional influences. Last, research on political opportunity structure should avoid determinist stand and focus on the interaction in stead. Short-term events, mak