复垦土壤肥力评价和预测的Ksi场模型.docVIP

 复垦土壤肥力评价和预测的 Ksi 场模型# 王龙，柴立和** （天津大学环境科学与工程学院，天津 300072） 5 10 15 摘要：土壤肥力是土壤系统的本质属性，它对植物生长以及粮食产量都有着重要影响。人们 对土壤肥力的研究经历了从定性到定量的过程，并在该领域取得了许多进展。但由于土壤系 统是一个典型的非线性复杂系统，在对其整体特性以及整体和指标之间关系的把握上仍存在 很大难度。本文基于最大流原理的 Ksi 场理论，从信息本原出发，将土壤系统看成是在开放 性信息网络中通过信息熵最大化所涌现出的模式，获得了土壤系统的演化动力学方程，建立 起评价和预测模型。最后，以平顶山八矿复垦区复垦土壤为例，利用该模型对该区复垦土壤 肥力进行了评价及预测，说明了该方法的可行性。 关键词：土壤肥力；信息熵；复杂系统；最大流原理(MFP)；Ksi 场 中图分类号：S158 N949 A Ksi-field model of the reclaimed soil fertility assessment and forecast WANG Long, CHAI Lihe (School of Environmental Science and Engineering School,Tianjin University, TianJin 300072) Abstract: Soil fertility is the essential attribute of the soil system, which has an important impact 20 25 30 35 40 on plant growth and food production. People have gone through the process of qualitative and quantitative research on soil fertility, and have made much progress in this area. However, since the soil system is a typical nonlinear complex system, it is still very difficult to grasp the overall characteristics and their relations with indicators. Basing on Ksi-field theory of maximum flux principle (MFP), from the point of view of informational reality, this article treats the soil system as the emergence pattern by information entropy maximum in the open information networks, and the dynamical evolution equation of the soil system is derived to establish the assessment and prediction model. Finally, taking the Pingdingshan eight mine reclamation district reclaimed soil as an example, this mode has been used to make evaluation and forecast on the reclaimed soil fertility of this area, illustrating the feasibility of this method. Keywords: soil fertility; information entropy; complex system; maximum flux principle (MFP); Ksi field 0 引言 土壤是一个重要的环境要素，同时也是人类赖以生存的宝贵资源。土壤肥力作为土壤的 本质属性直接影响着土壤环境质量及粮食产量，因此科学的评价、预测土壤肥力不仅能使我 们更好地了解土壤的本质、科学利用土壤资源，而且对于精准农业有实际的指导意义[1]。中 外学者对土壤研究有相当长的历史，早在 1840 李比希就创立了植物矿质营养学说，随后人 们多侧重于对土壤营养物质储量及其供肥能力的研究[2]，并以此作为评价土壤肥力水平的标 准[3]，找出限制土壤肥力的因素并想办法消除。随着对土壤的进一步认识，人们发