naming organic compounds ws answers命名有机化合物WS ANSWERS.pdfVIP

NamingOrganicCompounds_WS_Answers

1.Alkanes

a.oneCatom=methane

b.twoCatoms=ethane

c.threeCatoms=propane

d.fourCatoms=butane

2.Alkenes

a.2Catoms=ethene(sincetherearenooptionsforthepositionoftheC=C,we

donotneedtospecifytheposition,asin1-ethene)

b.3Catoms=propene(again,sincetherearenooptionsforthepositionofthe

C=C,wedonotneedtospecify1-propene.Convinceyourselfthat1-propeneand2-

propenearereallythesamemolecule.)

c.4CatomswiththeC=Cafterthe#1Catom=1-butene

d.4CatomswiththeC=Cafterthe#2Catom=2-butene

e.5CatomswiththeC=Cafterthe#1Catom=1-pentene(Didyousay4-

pentene?RememberthatwewanttonumberthebackboneofCatomssothatthe

lowestnumbersareusedinthename.Inthiscase,youwanttonumbertheC

backbonefromrighttoleft.Thissamemoleculecouldalsobewritten

HC=CHCHCHCH).

2223

3.Alkynes

a.2Catoms=ethyne(thiscompoundiscommonlyknownasacetylene)

b.6Catoms,triplebondafterthe#1Catom=1-hexyne

c.6Catoms,triplebondafterthe#2Catom=2-hexyne

d.6Catoms,triplebondafterthe#3Catom=3-hexyne

e.6Catoms,triplebondafterthe#2Catom=2-hexyne(numberthebackbone

fromrighttoleft)

f.6Catoms,triplebondafterthe#1Catom=1-hexyne(numberthebackbone

fromrighttoleft)

4.Alcohols

a.ItcontainsonlyCandHwithallsinglebonds=alkane.Itcontains5Catoms=

pentane

b.ItispentanewithoneHonthe#1Creplacedby-OH=1-pentanol

(Sincethe-OHfunctionalgroupbondstotherestofthemoleculethroughthe

oxygenatom,youwillfrequentlyseethealcoholfunctionalgroupwrittenba