2025年卫生资格(中初级)-初级护师历年参考题库含答案解析(5套100道合辑-单选题).docxVIP

2025年卫生资格(中初级)-初级护师历年参考题库含答案解析(5套100道合辑-单选题)

2025年卫生资格(中初级)-初级护师历年参考题库含答案解析(篇1)

【题干1】青霉素过敏患者出现喉头水肿时，首要措施是？

【选项】A.静脉注射肾上腺素B.口服苯海拉明C.静脉滴注地塞米松D.转移至隔离病房

【参考答案】A

【详细解析】青霉素过敏导致喉头水肿时，肾上腺素是紧急处理的首选药物，可迅速缓解支气管痉挛和水肿。苯海拉明虽可抗过敏，但起效较慢；地塞米松需静脉注射但无法快速缓解症状；转移病房无法直接解除急性症状。

【题干2】标准预防适用于哪种感染途径？

【选项】A.血液传播B.呼吸道飞沫传播C.粪口传播D.破损皮肤接触传播

【参考答案】B

【详细解析】标准预防针对所有可能通过飞沫传播的疾病（如流感、肺结核），要求医护人员进行手卫生、口罩、隔离衣等措施。飞沫传播可通过masks（口罩）和physicalbarriers（物理屏障）阻断。其他选项对应特异性预防（如HBV针对血液传播）。

【题干3】某患者体重60kg，医嘱给予呋塞米40mg口服，正确的计算应为？

【选项】A.0.67mg/kgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB.0.67mgB