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Passage3
THEORGANIZATIONOFTHEWTO
TheWTOisarule-based,member-drivenorganization ——alldecisionsaremadebythe
membergovernments,andtherulesaretheoutcomeofnegotiationsamongmember.AllWTO
membermayparticipateinallcouncils,committees,etc,exceptAppellateBody,Dispute
Settlementpanels,TextilesMonitoringBody,andplurilateralcommittees.
FUNCTIONS.TheWTO’soverridingobjectiveistohelptradeflowsmoothly,freely,fairly
andpredictably.Itdoesthisby:
Administeringtradeagreements
Actingasaforumfortradenegotiations
Settlingtradedisputes
Reviewingnationaltradepolicies
Assistingdevelopingcountriesintradepolicyissues,throughtechnicalassistanceand
trainingprogrammes
Cooperatingwithotherinternationalorganizations
STRUCTURE.TheWTOhasmorethan140member,accountingforover90%ofworld
trade.Over30othersarenegotiatingmembership.
Decisionsaremadebytheentiremembership.Thisistypicallybyconsensus.Amajorityvote
isalsopossiblebutithasneverbeenusedintheWTO,andwasextremelyrareundertheWTO ’s
predecessor,GATT.TheWTO’sagreementshavebeenratifiedinallmembers’parliaments.
TheWTO’stopleveldecision-makingbodyisthe MinisterialConferencewhichmeetsat
leastonceeverytwoyears.
BelowthisistheGeneralCounci(lnormallyambassadorsandheadsofdelegationinGeneva,
butsometimesofficialssentfrommemberscapitals)whichmeetsseveraltimesayearinthe
Genevaheadquarters.TheGeneralCouncilalsomeetsastheTradePolicyReviewBodyandthe
DisputeSettlementBody.
Atthenextlevel,theGoodsCouncil,ServicesCouncilandIntellectualProperty(TRIPS)
CouncilreporttotheGeneralCouncil.
Numerousspecializedcommittees,workinggroupsandworkingpartiesdealwiththe
individualagreementsandotherareassuchastheenvironment,development,membership
applicationsandregionaltradeagreements.
ThefirstMinisterialConferenceinSingaporein19
有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站
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