潜手印常温化学镀镍显现技术研究.pdfVIP

DOI: 10.19289/j.1004-227x.2022.13.006 潜手印常温化学镀镍显现技术研究 张晓顺 （中国刑事警察学院，辽宁 沈阳 110035 ） 摘要：先通过化学镀试验研究了化学镀镍用于潜手印显现的可行性，再根据阴极极化曲线测量结果，从热力学角度确定了采用 次磷酸钠还原体系进行常温化学镀镍的可行性。采用由NiSO ꞏ6H O 100 g/L、NaH PO ꞏH O 40 g/L 和Na C H O ꞏ2H O 10 g/L 4 2 2 4 2 3 6 5 7 2 组成的镀液在室温下反应1 800 s 时能够清晰地显出潜手印的细节特征，该工艺满足了刑事案件现场勘查的需求。 关键词：潜手印；显现；化学镀镍；常温；极化曲线 中图分类号：TQ153.1+2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004 – 227X (2022) 13 – 0925 – 04 Study on visualization of latent fingerprints by electroless nickel plating at room temperature ZHANG Xiaoshun (Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110035, China) Abstract: The feasibility of latent fingerprint visualization by electroless nickel plating was studied experimentally. The possibility of electroless nickel plating with sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent at room temperature was analyzed thermodynamically based on cathodic polarization curve measurement. The details of latent fingerprint could be visualized clearly after reaction in a bath comprising NiSO ꞏ6H O 100 g/L, NaH PO ꞏH O 40 g/L, and Na C H O ꞏ2H O 10 g/L at room 4 2 2 4 2 3 6 5 7 2 temperature for 1 800 s, meeting the requirement of criminal scene investigation. Keywords: latent fingerprint; visualization; electroless nickel plating; room temperature; polarization curve 手印是案件现场常见的痕迹物证，对分析案情、提供诉讼证据具有重要的作用。现场手印是通过手指或 手掌部位乳突纹线上沾附的中间介质遗留在客体表面而形成的。乳突纹线上的中间介质多为汗液、油脂、皮 屑等无色物质，肉眼难以观察到客体表面的潜在手印。有效地发现并提取到现场手印是潜手印在案件侦破和 司法诉讼中发挥作用的前提。因此，潜手印的显现方法一直是刑事科学技术领域研究的重点，在手印显现领 域