《商务英语语法》5-Passive Voice(Lecture 14,15).pptVIP

Passive Voice(L14,15) I. Active sentence and passive sentence A sentence/clause whose predicator (predicate verb) is active is called an “active sentence”, and a sentence/clause whose predicator is passive is called a “passive sentence”. 及物动词有被动式： They destroyed the building. （主） The building was destroyed. （被） The news surprised me. （主） I was surprised by the news. （被） 不及物动词没有被动式： 例 1： I slept for nearly ten hours last night. 例 2： The ship slowly disappeared from view. 但有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词： Are they meeting him at the station?（及物动词meet，有被动语态） Is he being met at the station? （被动语态） When shall we meet?（不及物动词meet，无被动语态） 1. Rules change into the passive Most of the SVO / SVoO / SVOC patterns can be made passive. SVO（主动宾）: They punished the criminal. The criminal was punished (by them). All the six senators signed the bill. The bill was signed by all the six senators. 带有情态动词或半助动词： They used to start these engines by hand. These engines used to be started by hand. They should do the work at once. The work should be done at once. SVoO（主动宾宾）: She handed me the plate. I was handed the plate. The plate was handed to me. （选择何种被动句形式要根据上下文的需要，看哪一种更合适） SVOC（主动宾补）: We elected him chairman of the club. He was elected chairman of the club. 2. Passive and By-phrase(p162- e) Paper was first made in China. Cars are driven by engines. Electricity can be produced by various methods. 3. Voice constraints (p162) Why the following two sentences CAN NOT be changed into passive? (1)This plane holds about 150 people. (2)These students lacked experience. Why the following two sentences CAN NOT be changed into passive? (1)He hurt himself when he fell from the ladder. (2)We should help each other. Can you change the following two sentences into passive structure? (1) The medicine soon took effect. (2)The plant will soon take root. Practice Assignment (1) Exercise 14A (p163) (2) Assignment SET 2 THE END